Hmong gangs started forming in the United States in the late 1980s and early 1990s for protection from other neighborhood youth and school bullies where large members of Hmong refugees settled. Unlike many Latino and African American youth gang members who came from a broken family, Hmong gang members are mostly from a good home. They often come from intact homes with supportive and loving parents. However, the young Hmong generations found themselves caught between two completely different culture, the mainstream American cultures and the traditional Hmong culture. At school or in the public, children are American; but at home, Hmong children are in another totally different world. Hmong youth suffered from culture conflict due to cultural demands that affects the relationship between the youth and parents in which certain individuals then turn to gang …show more content…
They had their own traditional cultural values compared to the mainstream culture. Hmong refugee parents grew up in a different time and treated their children how they were but in American, it conflicted with the mainstream culture and law that confused many Hmong children and pressured many to balance both cultural difference. Being new in America with very little English and new environment, many Hmong youth was picked up and dealt with discrimination that contributed to the formation of Hmong gangs. Many Hmong youth had to rely in joining gangs to protect themselves and find a sense of belonging due to misunderstanding with parents and the cultural differences. Many Hmong children lacked proper adult guidance, community support, and accessible resources to assist them growing up and therefore, had to rely in themselves and other who can relate. There contributing factors lead to many Hmong youth to form gangs and join gangs. The Hmong youth turn to gang activities for support and to feel a sense of
The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down is a biographical work on a Hmong family living in California during the early 80’s. While the book is a true accounting of the Lee’s family attempt to secure quality healthcare for their epileptic daughter while traversing the American medical system and the Department of Children Services. The author, Anne Fadiman, takes the reader on a painstaking but necessary journey of Hmong history and culture and how they came to reside in Merced, California. As you learn more about the history of the Hmong people, you come to admire them as a strong and resilient people that have, as a people, overcome many challenges with respect to being conquered, nomadic and always having to start over.
The book represents the Hmong and western medicine as being static. Throughout the book the Hmong are depicted as being very hard headed and not willing to adapt. It however also shows mainstream western medicine being just as stubborn to change. Historically the Hmong have faced many challenges, from being used by the American Army as cheap labour and soldiers to becoming refugees but they never gave up their cultural beliefs (Fadiman 1997). A specific example of this can be seen she talks about the tensions the Hmong faced in China, and how the Chinese government tried to change the Hmong community, and make them wear Chinese clothing, cut their hair short etc, however the Hmong responded to this by first fighting and eventually migrating(Fadiman 1997:16).
The tragedy that is the conflict of two cultures, American medicine and Hmong culture, two goods that lead to inevitable outcomes coupled with a distinct language barrier. This book crucially recounts a poignant and touching tragedy of an immigrant child whose origin is the war torn traditional life of Laos’ mountains and now her home is the Merced town in California. Two disparate cultures essentially collide resulting from language barriers, social customs, and religious beliefs. The recount by Anne Fadiman, an editor at the American scholar, sequentially recounts the clash between the American physicians and the Hmong family and thereby revealing how such differences can have an effect on the attitude towards healing and medicine. Review
Before fully getting into the details of this major problem, it’s important to quickly summarize the Hmong culture. The Hmong originated in China and fought the Chinese to maintain their culture. During the Vietnam War, they fought against the Communist forces but were forced to leave their homes to escape persecution when the US withdrew their support. Most of the Hmong people then immigrated to the United States and tried to rebuild their lives as best they can. Their tenacity and unwillingness to surrender, both during the war and in every-day life, helped them survive, but also made their visits to the doctor extremely difficult, to say the
The Fresno Hmong community is an ethnic and cultural community. In Fresno, Hmong American is one of the largest ethnic groups. The Hmong are refugees. The United States recruited the Hmong to fight in the secret war against the Pathet Lao. After the United States withdrew from the war, thousands of Hmong were killed by the Pathet Lao or were forced to abandon their homes, lands, and livestock in Laos and fled to the refugee camps in Thailand.
Family and group solidarity are important to the Hmong, yet they were forced to split apart during their journey to America. The Hmong also partook in ceremonies, dances, and sacrifices that were important to them and their religion, however, the doctors and other people were wary of these practices and didn’t condone them, especially when it came to patients such as Lia Lee. Lee’s doctors were constantly giving her shots, medicine, and feeding her through tubes. Her parents didn’t approve of this at all and thought that the medicines they were giving her was what was killing her.
Within the novel, as Lisa gets older, she begins to understand the struggles of her family that all connect and come back to the leading cause, which is the residential school system. Monkey Beach shows how “Historical trauma coupled with ongoing present-day traumas such as anti-Indigenous racism and a lack of clean drinking water [has] a massive negative impact on Indigenous communities, resulting in (and combining with) issues such as addiction, limited education, incarceration, violence, abuse, suicidality, homelessness and poverty. These symptoms are what many social agencies and service providers focus on addressing. But without considering root causes, one of which is intergenerational trauma, conventional solutions and treatments simply won’t work” (Seto). The residential school system aimed to assimilate indigenous peoples into Western society and strip them of their culture.
In the United States, every year there are around 2,000 gang-related homicides and in the realistic fiction novel, The Outsiders, by S.E Hinton, it explores the issues of gang violence, and teenagers in gangs. Around 40% of all members in gangs are teenagers, who are getting involved in some dangerous things very early in life. In the novel The Outsiders, the “Greasers” which is a gang of all teenagers, fight other gangs and commit serious crimes such as murder. We as a society need to pinpoint why teenagers join gangs and stop them beforehand. We also need to help people get out of gangs if they are already in one.
Gangs in Prison Prison gangs have become a big problem in the correctional facilities today. The gang has started to control the prisons and making the work life for correctional officers very difficult. They are able to run their criminal empire on the outside from the inside of the jail and also try and traffic drugs into the prisons and among many other things. Prison gangs are criminal organizations that are formed with the inmates within the correctional facility. The gangs are made up of a select group of inmates who have an organized hierarchy and they are governed to follow a certain code of conduct.
During his time studying these boys, he found that most cases of conflict were resolved without the use of weapon(s), but rather with “harsh conversation”. This observation highly contradicts the typical view of gang members who are commonly stereotyped by their local community and justice system in Oakland. Rios describes how the boys “Conversations often involved references to guns as analogies for resolving conflict and demonstrating manhood”. The fact that most conflicts are dealt with in non-violent ways, highlights the negative role
Over the progression of the book the view points and relationships between the Lees and the doctors develops slightly. The medical staff was not prepared with a translator or a cultural understanding of the Hmong and how their beliefs would not match up with their medical practices. “Not only do the Hmong fail resoundingly to improve the payer mix- more than eighty percent are on Medi-Cal- but they have proved even more costly than other indigent patients, because they generally require more time and attention, and because there are so many of them that MCMC has to hire bilingual staff members to mediate between patients and providers” (Fadiman 25). This theme in the story was immensely eye opening for all of the cultural gaps that exist throughout the United States. The solution to this problem is for both sides standing on opposite sides of the gap to take the time to bridge the gap together.
Hmong Culture The Hmong primarily originated from the “mountainous areas of China, Burma, Vietnam, Thailand, and Laos” (Purnell, 2014, pg. 236) and immigrated to the United States in 1975 after the Vietnam War. Primarily refugees from Laos, the Hmong people began immigrating to the United States in large numbers “after communist forces came to power in their native country.” (Bankston, 2014, pg. 332) Mainly settling in California, the Hmong began to be dispersed by American refugee settlement agencies across the country in the 1980s, also settling in Wisconsin and Michigan.
Gang violence has been a problem in society for several of years and is a growing problem each and every day. The youth that is involved in gang violence will have numerous effects upon them that will come soon or later when associated with a group of thugs. Children and teenagers if they still go to school when accompanying a gang, they face the heightened risk of dropping out of school; teen parenthood; be victimized by another gang ; abuse drugs and alcohol; commit petty and violent
Most gangs are made up of young males that are of a similar background and have a desire of acquiring