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Essay On Human Development

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Human development is a process individual becoming different and changes through time. The process of human development includes birth until death. According to Berger and Thompson (1994) human development is defined as a process of human moves from conception to death. Meanwhile, Papalia and Feldman (2012) defined human development as a lifelong process of changes and stability throughout the human life span from early stages of life until death. Generally, human development process consists of prenatal stage, childhood stage, adolescence stage, adulthood stage and death stage (refer to Figure 1 in Appendix 1). The first stage of human development is prenatal which are baby develops from single cell after conception into embryo to foetus. …show more content…

Based on Xin-Nan (2014), physical development of adolescence includes rapid gains in their height and weight. Besides that, male puberty characteristics also have develops at this stage like increase in their penis and testicle size, appearance of their straight pubic hair, growth of armpits and facial hair, and have changes on their voice too. For female, firstly either the pubic hair appears or the breasts become large and her hips become wider than her shoulders. Meanwhile, in cognitive development stage, adolescence able to think about multiple options and possibilities that include more logical thought processes. Lastly, it is about emotional development among adolescence. Research has shown that during these periods, their emotional is unstable as they easily to involve in crime or substances abuse which can lead to depression (Shaari et al., …show more content…

People in middle age (45-65 years old) might experience external and internal physical changes. For instance, decline in efficiency of cardiovascular, respiratory systems for internal changes while for external changes they might have grey hair, facial wrinkles and loss of hair (Papalia & Feldman, 2012). Older adult may experience physical decline includes reducing in hearing and eyesight, skin become dry and may lead to wrinkles. Other than that, their strength, balancing, reaction time also decline and have a higher percentage in getting diabetes, stroke and heart

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