This pump suits for the data that I have calculated, therefore the pump was chosen. Safety Precautions Since we are handling with highly flammable liquids, proper maintenance must be done regularly so that the pump would be in perfect condition. Leakage of the liquid will lead to possible explosion or flames if it is exposed to high temperatures, electric sparks or any other hazards which will cause serious personal injuries, death or property damage. Safeguards or any safety system should be implemented to detect any leaks from the pumps, elevated temperatures or spark
• The system must be suitably trapped and designed for adequate condensate removal. • Sufficient air vents should be provide to remove formulation of air pockets, which can lead to cold spots. • The design of SIP systems which ensures continuous steam through the entire system, narrow restriction should be avoided. • Most vessel contain dead legs where insufficient heat transfer to sterilise them, in that case the length of dead legs must be minimized. Dead legs are typically limited to three pipe diameters in length.
Intake charge air densities shown in the fig are hard to obtain without charge air-cooling. The effect of charge air- cooling on density ratio is a function of the effectiveness of the charge air cooler and the pressure loss from compressor discharge to intake manifold. The effectiveness is defined as the ratio of temperature drop of charge air across the cooler to maximum temperature potential available for cooling. E = 12 T3: Intake manifold temperature T2: Compressor discharge temperature T1: Ambient temperature, which is assumed to be the same as compressor inlet temperature medium, above equation directly applies. In cases where water is used as intermediate cooling medium, the overall effectiveness is composed of the charge air cooling effectiveness and the corresponding radiator effectiveness.
It is best for the situations requiring variation in flow rates (moderate to high). The main characteristic curves of a centrifugal pump are total head (H) developed, power consumed and thee efficiency plotted as a function of the flow
It is especially useful when the reaction is slow since heat loss to the surroundings would be more significant then. Comment: In Example 1, the question only provides the initial and final temperature readings. Thus ΔT = final temperature – initial temperature However, if the question does provide a graph such as the one shown above, extrapolation would be needed to determine a more accurate ΔT. Hess’s Law of Constant Heat Summation Not all enthalpy changes of reaction can be measured directly by using calorimetry and hence Hess’s Law can be used to determine the enthalpy changes that cannot be determined by direct
This medium can damage the rubber if the temperature is rise. These changes are caused by two mechanism The elastomer absorbs a medium. Plasticizers and other components of the compound are dissolved and extracted or leached out by the media. Therefore there is need of careful selection of base polymer which must compatible with the fluid but also must heat resistance. Two materials are selected which have good compatibility as well as heat resistance.
Sedimentation affects all fire sprinkler piping regardless of which material is used. Scale build- up and sedimentation is caused by magnesium ad calcium precipitation within the pipes. This can be easily avoided by a good filtration process. CPVC pipes get charred and produces toxic gases when exposed to fire. Steel is not affected in this manner by exposure to fire.
Hоwever, when emulsifying agents are present, they increase the interfacial tension and obstruct the coalescence of water drоplets. Everything what lowers the interfacial tension will aid in separation. 2.1.7 Viscosity. Viscоsity plays two primary roles in the stability of an emulsions. First, as oil viscosity increases, the migration of demulsifying agents to the water droplets oil-water interface is retarded.
The full force of a hydraulic press can be delivered at any point in the stroke. This feature is a very important characteristic of most hydraulic presses. Deep drawing and forming applications often require large forces very high in the press stroke. Some mechanical presses do not develop enough force high enough in the downward stroke to permit severe drawing and forming applications such as inverted draw dies to be used
Unlike saturated steam, condensation does not occur in SS so long as the temperature is kept above saturation temperature. This allows for the temperature of SS to fall a little at times without condensation occurring. One of the main attractions of superheated steam processing is that the water evaporated from the product is incorporated into and becomes part of the drying medium. The SS is used to raise the temperature of the product being processed so that the water in it changes state from liquid to gas (steam). Drying is a process which characteristically requires vast amounts of energy to sustain it.