Kenneth Frampton entered the population scene of regional power like Personality with the seal of approval. However, towards the regional critical, the title seems to be witnessing a different approach. Frampton also sought to "structure the resistance", so that he followed up with the previous regional resistance. The article criticized the "doctrinal principles" of modernity and interaction with the postmodern popular movement during the 1980s; it is rooted and / or influenced by ideas of pluralism, phenomena, new concepts of "place" and postcolonial liberation. He also explained the ideas of environmental engineering or sustainable architecture at a time when this speech was not popular so far.
In his analyses, Sanchez-Jankowski makes a departure from the social disorganization theory of urban poverty which attempts to locate a ‘culture of poverty’ (Oscar Lewis). This theory suggests that the urban poor reproduce poverty over generations, which is seen as disruptive, chaotic and disorganised in the otherwise
Instead they obliged the landlords to solve issues beyond their ability. In addition to that, landowners had to take the full financial risk caused by this policy. This law also created a Rent Gap, caused by the low returns for the owners which do not exceed few hundreds of dollars per year. This rent gap has two consequences: the low revenues from the rents, prevent the owners from paying for maintenance, which results in a poor living conditions and sometimes could lead into disasters for example: the collapsing of the building. It is also considered as an urban
The term is frequently utilized negatively, proposing the dislodging of poor communities by rich pariahs. In any case, the impacts of gentrification are mind boggling and opposing, and its genuine effect changes. On breaking down reasons for gentrification, distinctive researchers have call attention to monetary worries as one of the significant reasons for gentrification (Abel and White, 246). To put it all the more unequivocally, the financial development of expansive urban communities adds to the quick advance and development of the population alongside the development of necessities and prerequisites of the population concerning neighborhoods, accommodations and environment. In such a situation, the more youthful generation of experts and representatives of the middle class regularly likes to move to low-income and working class communities, where they can manage the cost of buying a perpetual lodging at a relatively low cost and, along these lines, begin living separately from their folks, owning their own lodging (Woodard).
Also, poverty includes hunger which is related to malnutrition, different health problems, limited or no access to education, inadequate housing conditions, homelessness and lack of other basic services. Economists define poverty as the inability to achieve a certain standard of living. For example, Ravallion (Ravallion, 1989) believes that "Poverty exists in a given society, when one or more persons can not reach a level of economic prosperity that is considered to represent acceptable minimum regarding the standards of a given society. " This definition implies that the concept of poverty is determined by standards, values and circumstances prevailing in the society. But this definition is not relevant, because it would be difficult to make comparisons of countries and societies because nature and structure of poverty may vary from country to country.
However, this right can be undermined by governments and urban bodies, which do not implement enabling development policies admeasures. In the absence of suitable measures, poor migrant workers have no residential security and are compelled to live and work in crowded slum sand unauthorized public lands/locations with poor civic amenities and access to basic services, and they undergo repeated displacement. They also do not acquire rights to basic entitlements .Instead the centre, states and urban bodies can pursue a coherent policy in this regard. Urban policy is becoming more exclusionary, increasing the cost of migration for the poor, and the anti-migrant rhetoric is becoming more strident in many states and urban
Hence, from a theoretical perspective, it can be stated that while a lot of research works have been done on informal settlements, but shortage of literature of knowledge and information gaps on the on effects of informal settlements with respect to neighbouring planned communities, taking Kosofe local government as a case study. My study will seek to unravel the root causes and consequences of informal settlements suggest ways and means of mitigating these circumstances. 1.3 Justification of Study Researchers have revealed that urbanization and absence of housing have contributed to informal settlements. The rise has compounded and seen as a threat to urban world. Hence, the need to address these discrepancies and innovative way to mitigate the effects of informal settlements on planned communities.
The resources of poor people are very limited, and its effect can be seen in their diet. Poor living condition and Housing problems: The don’t get proper living conditions. They have to fight the hardship of poverty to secure food, clothes and shelter. A large number of poor families live in houses with one room only. Unemployment: Poor people move from villages to towns and form one town to another in search of employment/work.
However, this is just the initial choice resulted from their limited economic capability and the lack of accountability of the whole society group. Housing is a concept shared by many disciplines, Economics, Politics and Human Rights. When talking
Definitions of poverty are condition where people 's basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter are not being met. Poverty is generally of two types: (1) Absolute poverty is synonymous with destitution and occurs when people cannot obtain adequate resources (measured in terms of calories or nutrition) to support a minimum level of physical health. Absolute poverty means about the same everywhere, and can be eradicated as demonstrated by some countries. (2) Relative poverty occurs when people do not enjoy a certain minimum level of living standards as determined by a government (and enjoyed by the