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Essay On Ionizing Radiation

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1.0 Introduction. Ionizing radiation can be defined as a radiation with high energy that able to release electron from atoms. Initially, atom is in neutral form which means it carry similar number of proton and electron. When atom is bombard with high energy, electron will be removed out and this is called as ionization (Zaider & Rossi, 2001). In general, ionizing radiation can be classified into 2 which are wave-like or particles. There are several types of ionizing radiation namely Alpha-particle, beta- particle, gamma ray, x-ray and neutron. There are also a natural radioactive elements and cosmic radiation presence as a background radiation that widely distributed in the environment. For examples, drinking water contains radium and air …show more content…

Uncharged particle like neutron is having less energy while charge particle like alpha and beta particle consist of high energy and usually used for radiopharmaceuticals. Radiation exposure may effect human in two ways either immediate effect or long-term effects. Immediate effect of radiation is comes from the killing of the cells while long-term effect is due to damage cells that survives and carry it damages. The effects then may cause either shortening of life due to diseases or genetic abnormalities in the offspring (Zaider & Rossi, 2001). There are 3 principles of ionizing radiation protection which are justification, optimisation and limitation. Justification in context of do what is necessary and potential benefit is more superior to harm with radiation exposure. For examples, in radiopharmaceutical production, radio pharmacist only reconstituted drugs with confirm order and the drug is administered for correct treatment only. Optimisation means exposure toward ionizing radiation is kept as low as possible by reducing time exposure, distance and usage of lead and limitation is application of limit dose exposure (Martin & Sutton,

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