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Caliphate System In Turkey

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Soon after the end of Great Rebellion of 1857, when British crown executed its direct rule over the subcontinent, British made an attempt to regulate the Indian economy and manipulated the local industries especially the local textile production and sales market. British swapped the export of finished good with the export of agricultural raw materials including but not limited to jute, cotton tea, wheat, oil seeds and started importing finished goods from the Britain. Moreover the colony was required to transfer the capital to Britain on annual basis in the label of so-called home charges. That capital was used to earn via excess Indian export of raw materials. By the end of 19th century, the home charges reached the amount of between seventeen and eighteen million pounds (Jalal and Bose, pp. 80). Also the private use of remittances by British officials working in India and the other shipping, banking and insurance charges of British merchants devalued the Indian currency against the pound sterling. Thus decrease in value of rupee increase the …show more content…

In those times, the Caliphate of Turkey was considered the religious leader of the Muslims. Turkey was a German ally in World War I and the defeat of Germany led Turkey to further troubles. British decided to dissolve Caliphate system in Turkey which the Muslims couldn’t afford as for Muslims, the concept of Caliphate is considered sacred. Therefore, the Khilafat movement was started by two brothers, Maulana Mohammad Ali, Shaukat Ali and Abdul Kalam Azad and others. This movement was also supported by Mr. Gandhi and Mr. Nehru who tried to associate their ‘non-cooperation movement’ with it to get more power. The agenda was to prevent the Ottoman Caliphate from the downfall by forcing British to intervene in Turkey and to protect the empire, which they sadly couldn’t make it and Mustafa Kamal Ataturk superseded the Ottoman

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