USING CLEAN ENERGY TO COMBAT DROUGHTS IN MOZAMBIQUE, AFRICA
Salt Shakers
Team Members:
Oong Li Yin
Win Thu Aung
Tan Jun Hao
Team Leader:
Miss Wong Li Lan
School:
National Junior College
Abstract
200-250 words
Introduction
Mozambique
Mozambique is situated on South-Eastern African coast, occupying the area of 787 608 km2 . It has a population of 21 million people of which 14.9 million (71%) are still living in the rural areas (Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), 2000). According to the UNDP 2014 Human Development Index, Mozambique was ranked 178 out of 187 countries. It has a population of 24.5 million people and an average life expectancy of only 50 years. One third of the population is chronically food-insecure,
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The economic implications may be short-term or long-term. For instance, reduced lean body mass and fatigue can limit productivity, especially in developing countries where manual labour is required. The high fatality rate associated with malnutrition reduces the working age population. Reduction of malnutrition by half by 2025 may generate annual savings of up to $376 million in African countries.
Furthermore, the World Food Programme calculates that US$3.2 billion of monetary aid is required to reach all 66 million of hungry children worldwide.
Political
Malnutrition proves to be a dire problem faced by governments of developing countries. Respective governments have to focus on resource distribution and policies to alleviate malnutrition. Tensions brought by food insecurity may give rise to political instability.
Malnutrition in Africa
According to the World Resources Institute, Africa is the continent most highly reliant on agriculture. Sub-Saharan Africa is the region with the highest prevalence of hunger, where one in four persons there are
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This was inferred from the fact that agricultural sector contributes in average 21% of total African Gross Domestic Product (GDP) with a ranging from 10 to 70% between African countries (Christensen et al., 2007). Although this range is relatively wide, it is considered relatively high as compared to developed countries (which varies from 0.5 to 3%). As stated by Usman and Reason (2004), the agricultural sector is vulnerable to change in climate. Hence, it is vital to secure and improve agricultural activities in Africa by adpating to different
The plantation system is the basis of South Carolina’s economy. Significant income comes from agriculture of rice, tobacco and indigo. Plantation are privately owned units of land meant for the production and export of raw materials. Yet, cultivating this crops is intensive labor, and there is a pressing need for laborers. It is arguable that the use of African Americans for this task would solve the issue; it would be economically convenient, yet it also raises a moral dilemma when considering the harsh work and living conditions slaves endure.
DBQ: Famine in Ethiopia: How did the government make it worse? (hook)From 1983-1985, a famine in Ethiopia caused millions to die. In 1984, grain prices increased by 300% and five Ethiopian provinces set all-time lows for rainfall. Many people, blamed the famine on the drought, but later figured out that the real cause was politics. Soviet-backed communist Derg took over and worsened the famine.
When prices rise, consumers often move to cheaper, less-nutritious foods, increasing the risks of micronutrient defects and other forms of malnutrition, which can have long-term unfavorable effects on people’s health, development and productivity. Hunger
Canada is one of the countries with the most significant economic and human development in the world. Their rules of living are among the highest in the world, and it is not uncommon to find some of their cities among the reviews that mark them as the best on the planet to live in. But that 's only part of the reality. One of the social reasons that contribute to poverty in Canada is that people who are considered poor, do not have jobs with minimum wages or whose jobs are not fixed or stable (4 out of 10 poor), who are unable to work because of health, disability or being cared for by young children (5 out of 10 poor) and who are unable to find employment (1 out of 10 poor, either because of lack of training, experience or because in their
Hunger in Ethiopia Every day the world develops widely and jumps great leaps in technology. Yet lots of unfortunate people die every minute caused by famines, civil wars, and rapacity of some who rape others rights and dreams of decent lives. Today in the 21th century shamefully, there are a lot of starve, literally, to death. Starvation is a severe deficiency in caloric energy intake. It is the most extreme form of malnutrition.
The association of poverty with Africa goes together like apple pie and America. From the advertisements of malnourished, African children to our education, or rather lack of education, about African countries in the American school system, the concept of Africa as an impoverished continent has been engrained into our minds. This rhetoric of Africa has lasted over decades, with a substantial amount of aid being given to African countries to rectify this problem. And yet, sixteen of the world’s poorest countries were identified as being in sub-Saharan Africa as of 2013. This insinuates that foreign countries and organizations that provide aid, need to reevaluate why aid isn’t making a bigger impact at fixing the problem.
People living in various part of the world have disparities in their health conditions. This indicates that the living conditions of the place in which
Researchers: Kyle Antonio Latayan & Margaret Manuel General Topic: Nutrition Narrowed Topic: Effects of malnutrition on children ages 6-10 in NCR in 2013 Thesis Statement: There are several effects of malnutrition among children living in the poverty line because they do not receive adequate education. Literature Review Nutrition is one of the essential processes directly influencing the overall health and growth of an individual. This requires a person to be fully aware on the types and quantity of food he or she needs to intake on a regular basis. However, the nutrition education of most people are adversely affected, as poverty continues to be one of the central problems encompassing the whole world, especially the third world countries.
Eight hundred fifteen million, that’s a big number, right? Eight hundred fifteen million people in the world don’t get the food they need to live a healthy life.1 Small amounts of food are given to starving people everyday, sometimes none of them
With over a million Angolans killed and their development stunted, Angola’s political structure has been left broken, and their government is now weak and corrupt. The proxy war impacted the nations participating in the global fight between democracy and communism. While the war was a victory for democracy and affected the outcome of the Cold War, the civil war was very damaging to Angola itself. This is why many historians, along with myself, believe that the colonization of Angola was deleterious to Angola’s political structure and development. This can be seen in Angola’s transition from a relatively mighty kingdom, to a kingdom where the people were forced into labor by their settlers, to a country that became a battle field of a proxy war, and finally to a corrupt democracy.
Literature Review: Theoretical Approaches, Empirical Studies, Analytical Concepts and Legal Frameworks Theoretical Approaches towards food security With respect to the theoretical approaches to food security, there are three theories developed in 1970s and 1980s as cause to food insecurity. The first one is Climate theory; this theory explains food insecurity as caused by climatic phenomena. Cox, related this theory with the concept of “famine belt” in which he directly links climate condition to food insecurity. This theory argued that in the national or local level, climate linked phenomena such as drought, floods and others are a major factor causing food insecurity (Cox, 1981, cited in Steven Engler,
Thus, the causes of undernourishment and of death from hunger and malnutrition of children are immensely complex, and they cannot be simply attributed to war or natural catastrophes. They are primarily due
Remember the revolutions that swept the Middle East in 2011, they all began with people in the street upset over the price of food. What’s more many of the world's top agricultural experts believe that this is just the tip of the iceberg unless we figure out new strategies to deal with global food security. We may be entering a new and dangerous phase of human history where food water and energy shortages threaten not only worse poverty but also civic unrest and international conflict. There are a number of reasons for this alarm, the first reason is that in most years we produce only just enough food to cover uses. in fact in six of the last 11 years we actually consumed slightly more food then we produced and the buffer we take from one year to the next has been steadily falling so our system already seems pretty fragile ,but it's when we look into the future that things grow very dire indeed.
According to the royal society, between1930 and 2010 the world’s population grew from 2 billion to 6.8 billion ,so the Continuing population causes a consumption growth and that means the global demand will increase over the next years and growing competition for land, water and energy will increase too(Black, 2010). Growth of population will affect on some countries ability to produce food especially in the poor developing countries, so improved nutrition is central to improved income generation, poverty reduction, and provide a good food quality. Lack of food quality has an impact on mother’s nourishment because they are more likely to give a birth, so mothers which are malnourished later will give birth of babies with a less healthier, growth retardation are associated with reduced physical activity, impairment of
Other facts about hunger around the world are as follows. 1. 13.1 percent of the world 's population is starving. Approximately 925 million people are malnourished every day, consuming less than 2,100 calories recommended per day 2. The world produces enough food to feed the 7 billion people living in the world, but the hungry also have no land to grow food or money to buy it.