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Marine Oil Pollution Essay

1245 Words5 Pages

Introduction
Marine oil pollution causes catastrophic damage to the environment, marine ecosystems, economy and quality of life for coastal inhabitants. The marine oil pollution which has been affected by the progress made by anthropogenic activity, is a huge environmental problem (Guanhua Hu & Xia Xiao 2013). Oil spill is one of the factors affecting marine oil pollution. Recently, frequent marine oil spill accidents happened due to rapid development of maritime transportation and oil exploration industry. It becomes a huge threat to marine environment and ecosystems. Every year, 5 to 30 million tons of oil are spilt in the ocean, with a large amount resulting from common operations of maritime transport and ballast cleaning (Guanhua Hu & Xia Xiao 2013). Due to the …show more content…

However, satellite remote sensing provides better spatial resolution, continuous synoptic view at relatively low cost and practically worldwide accessibility (Brekke & Solberg 2005). Passive remote sensing which suffers from adverse weather condition, cloud cover and unavailability during night for acquires information about an oil spill and slick areas (Singha et al 2013). Due to its all weather, day and night detection, multi-look, multi-resolution, multi-mode, multi-frequency, multi-polarization, wide coverage and real-time monitoring capability, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is the most applicable sensors for marine oil spill detection and monitoring. SAR is a kind of active remote sensing imaging system which operates in microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum. SAR is well suited for the detection of oil slicks because oil slicks which are depending on the exact hydrocarbon content and type will modify the surface roughness, which produce a strong impact on short waves measured by SAR (Guanhua Hu & Xia Xiao 2013). After the oil spills, oil slicks spread to the sea surface reduce the Bragg waves and decrease radar backscattering coefficients; that is, smooth the sea surface

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