Migration In Iran

1061 Words5 Pages

2.3 Migration processes during the Soviet era.
In the social and evolutionary context, the 20th century on the territory of the former USSR passed under the sign of urbanization and industrialization, on the one hand, and social and political cataclysms, on the other. The first factors determined the strategic direction of modernization, the latter - its concrete embodiment. Together they were the main coordinates that determined the movements of the population. At the same time course of urbanization set some vectors of the movement, and the changing social systems and various shocks - its character (voluntary or forced, organized or independent, etc.) and proportions. The third important coordinate of migration is differences in the initial …show more content…

The dissolution of the Soviet Union marked the new period — the period of independent Kyrgyzstan. For the first time in history, the Kyrgyz enjoyed their independent and sovereign state. The attributes of a national state such as national flag, emblem and anthem were adopted. In 1993, the first Constitution of Kyrgyzstan was passed by the parliament. However, soon the euphoria of the first years of independence had gone. The standard of living declined and mass-scale unemployment surfaced. The newly established independent republic had faced a deep political, economic and social crisis.
Kyrgyzstan was not any more referred as an “island of democracy” but an “island of instability” in Central Asia. The revolutions of 2005 and 2010 resulted in the overthrow of two presidents. The 2010 revolution brought to more than 80 victims and provoked the 2010 interethnic conflict in the south of Kyrgyzstan. The recent development in Kyrgyzstan has been characterized by political stabilization. As a result of the 2010 referendum, the state switched from a presidential to a parliamentary system. In 2012, a peaceful transition of power from a president to another took place.
Akaev’s …show more content…

The coup failed. Akayev announced his resignation from the Communist Party and banned it for a while. On August 31, 1991, the Supreme Soviet proclaimed the independence of Kyrgyzstan by passing the Declaration on the State Independence of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan was adopted. On December 21, 1991, Akayev along with the presidents of other 10 newly independent states signed the agreement in Almaty city on the creation of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) that eventually put an end to the Soviet Union . On May 5, 1993, the draft of the new Constitution was passed by the parliament. It took two years since 1991 before it was finally approved. The Constitution declared:
• Kyrgyzstan is a sovereign unitary democratic republic built on the basis of legal secular state;
• Sovereignty is extended to the whole territory of Kyrgyzstan;
• The people of Kyrgyzstan is the only source of state power;
• The people exercise its power through the system of state agencies on the basis of the Constitution.
According to the constitution, the state power was divided into three branches: executive, legislative and

Open Document