Occupational Culture Analysis

• Occupational Culture: Occupational culture refers to groups like physicians, lawyers, accountants, craftsperson etc. It includes norms, values, beliefs and behaviour towards society. It is often seen that people with similar nature of jobs have similar cultural values irrespective of their national culture. Thus, it becomes important to understand the concept of occupational culture also.

• Organisational Culture: Organisational culture has been defined as the norms, values and beliefs related to the organisation that are shared by the members of the organisation. It includes the set of important understandings that members of a community share in common. Here the community will be all the members of the organisation. For example, Japanese

Multinational companies use many of the same strategies that are used in the domestic context also.

Let us first discuss the types of strategies used by multinational companies in the global outset.

• Generic Strategies: This strategy represents the ways through which domestic and international companies achieve their goals.

• Competitive advantage: This strategy includes a point where the companies can outmatch its competitors in targeting and attracting the targeted customers.

• Differentiation Strategy: This strategy includes different ways through which companies provide best value to its targeted customers.

• Low-cost strategy: This strategy represent the ways through which companies produce similar products like that of a competitor but sells at a lower

It also includes the ways through which risk of being attacked is minimized. For example, signing a contract with the best logistics so that it does not send products to the competitor.

• Multinational Diversification Strategy: Multinational companies deal in more than one type of business and at many places locally and globally. The strategies for multi-level business are known as business level strategies. Business level strategies focus on single level operation of business.

• Corporate level strategies: These involve use of many strategies. It includes diversification of business. Diversification occurs when a company moves from a single operation to multiple operations of business. There are two types of diversification namely, related and unrelated. In related diversification, companies acquire such businesses that are related to their own business. It helps the organisations to share their competencies, develop market power, share raw material and suppliers and also production of common products together. In unrelated diversification, organisations tend to acquire businesses from other industry as well. The focus is on the good investment for the organisation. They tend to invest in industries which are promising and have potential but no