Essay On Periodontitis
Chronic periodontitis Chronic Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth caused by specific microorganisms or groups of specific microorganisms, leading to progressive destruction of the attachment apparatus of the teeth including periodontal ligament, cementum and alveolar bone with periodontal pocket formation, and recession of the gingival tissue(1) . The clinical feature that characterizes periodontitis from gingivitis is the presence of clinically apparent attachment loss. This loss mainly is associated with changes in the density and height of subjacent alveolar bone (1). Severe generalized periodontitis affects 5–15% of any population worldwide and is a major cause of teeth loss after dental caries (2).
Chronic Periodontitis also known as adult periodontitis or chronic adult
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Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola create what is called red complex, which appears to be associated with disease symptoms in most chronic periodontitis. The second important group of bacteria forms orange complex, including Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotella intermedia. Orange complex bacteria provide an essential aid in allowing the colonization of periodontal tissue by a red complex. Another group of bacteria forms green complex, which includes species: Capnocytophaga sputigena, C. gingivalis, and Eikenella corrodens. These species are also associated with disease symptoms in chronic periodontitis, but with a less aggressive clinical course in contrast to the red complex (8,9). There is co-existence of green group and yellow complex, mainly consisting of the oral streptococci, group "Mitis" (S. mitis, S. oralis, S. gordonii, S. sanguinis) and connected to this complex Parvimonas micra belonging to dominant perio pathogens
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