Essay On Solar Waves
The center of the Sun has a temperature of about 15 million degrees Celsius . The pressure is 200 billion times bigger than the pressure of the atmosphere of the Earth, and the density of matter is 7 time bigger than the density of osmium, the metal with the greatest density on Earth . Thanks to radiation the energy moves from inner layers closer to the surface. Afterwards begins the mixing of layers with different temperatures, called convection. As a result, giant streams of hot matter emerge to the surface. This process could be compared to ebullition of soup in a casserole. The transfer of energy from the center of the Sun to the surface takes about 10 million years .
The radiating surface of the Sun is called photosphere. It has a grainy
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In a couple of minutes, a tremendous amount of energy is freed (about 6 times 1032 ergs per second) . These flares cause variations in the magnetic field of the Earth and cause a bigger amount of polar auroras to happen and troubles in communication. The flares don’t represent any danger for us.
During total solar eclipses, astronomers can often see long bridges of light from the chromosphere, highly crossing space above the surface of the Sun. These are solar prominences. They are partially solid clouds of gas with a temperature ranging from 4500° to 14 500° . They are much brighter than their entourage and can vary in shapes, sizes and life expectancies. For example we can see log-lived stationary prominences for an entire month. The highest prominence ever recorded was 1 000 000 kilometers above the photosphere.
Finally, the Corona is the last outer level of the Sun. It has a temperature of about 2 000 000°. It can be seen with naked eyes while a total solar eclipse. The density in the Corona is very low, and that means that particles producing light are also small. That’s why the light of the Corona isn’t as bright as the rest of the Sun. There are some places where magnetic streams from the interior of the Sun makes the density even lower and enable a much bigger amount of particles to pass through it into space. We call these emissions: solar
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