Fractional Distillation Procedure

Screw the liquid onto both test tubes to make sure that they are sealed. You now have to wait for approximately two days, in order to obtain satisfying results. Light the candle/put it on fire. Fill the third test tube with approximately two millimeters of Ethanol.

We were given that a good solvent for recrystalizing trimyristin was acetone. Acetone was heated on a steam bath and added to the crude trimyristin to completely dissolve it. The solution was immediately cooled so that the trimyristin crystals formed in a mother liquor of impurities. The crystals vacuum filtered through a Büchner funnel and rinsed with ice cold acetone so only the impurities dissolved and pure crystals were left in the funnel. To finish, we dried the pure trimyristin crystals using a high vacuum pump, and 0.1470g remained with a 3.674% recovery from nutmeg, and a 15.186% recovery from crude

Then the buret was quickly inverted and pressed into a beaker with full of water. Finally after the water cooled down, the water level of the buret was measured inside beaker. This process was repeated for two more

 Dissolve the salt in 60 ml of tap water. Add 30 ml 6 M Hcl and stir the mixture with a glass rod.  Add 12 g solid Nacl to the solution and stir the mixture for about 2 minutes.  Support a 250 ml separatory funnel on a ring, making sure that the stopcock is closed and that a clean beaker is placed beneath the exit tube. Transfer the aqueous solution from the beaker to the separatory funnel.

Immediately, started the digital stopwatch (± 0.01) s and recorded the time taken (s) for 10.0 ± 0.5 cm3 of oxygen gas to be evolved. Repeated steps 5-13 four more times to minimize the impact of random error and allow for the collection of sufficient data. Then, all test tubes were thoroughly cleaned using a test tube brush to remove any leftover solutions. Afterwards, placed the test tubes in the test tube rack to air

Next, we poured the Hydrochloric acid into the flask and we will quickly put the rubber stopper on the flask. After the reaction settled down, we placed the flask with the new substance, the rubber stopper, and the graduated cylinder onto a scale and we got the total mass and we wrote that down on the data table. Finally, we subtracted the beginning weight with the final weight to see the comparison of the mass of the products verses the

Measuring pH of HCl Solution (unknown Concentration) with an indicator 1. Pour 20 ml of HCl into a

Empty the blank and use the solution from test tube one to rinse the cuvette twice. Fill it ¾ with solution one, wipe the outside, and place it in the spectrometer. 8. Start data collection and display a full spectrum graph. Stop the data and the wavelength of maximum absorbance will be identified.

the settle process is all about adding a polymer to join with small solid particles then it settle down and in the top almost pure water is existed. The pure water is dosed into the line with out powder to avoid the deposition in the line. There is an extraction pump used to take the settled powder for recycling by adding water or to the sludge

After the spraying, plates were left for at least 1hour at room temperature and then in an oven at 110oc for 1 hour in order to activate themit before use. Then, a 2µl of solutions of separate individual and mixture of reference standards (OTC and TC) in methanol were applied on HPTLC

The aim of this experiment was to create Butyl Ethanoate by the process of reflux esterification using 1-Butanol (, 16mL) and Ethanoic Acid (17.4M, 10mL) as raw materials. A catalyst sulphuric acid (18.0M, 2.0mL) was used to offer an alternate reaction pathway and forcing the equilibrium to shift to the right as it is a dehydrating agent result in a greater yield of ester. All reactants were heated under reflux for a total time of 45 minutes, boiling chips were added into the pear shaped flask to encourage even boiling and prevents the occurrence of superheating.