Introduction
Platelet play a major role in hemostasis together with intact clotting factors , so the patients with impaired hematopoiesis and with variety of disorder in platelets numbers and function has to provided life - saving supportive therapy as platelets transfusion .one of the duty as medical laboratory is to make the platelet available to patients by two different method as this topic will cover it ,one called apheresis (plateletpheresis) and the other is isolation of the platelet from a unit of donated blood , both platelet apheresis and WBD platelets are considered platelet product .
Methods and materials
Plateletpheresis (single donor) : Apheresis is a Greek word mean (to carry away ) plateletpheresis
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While advantages of plateletpheresis : are exposure to single donor rather than multiple , so it can easily doing tests for donor and recipient such as HLA type and blood typing . and because platelets separated automatically during donation and usually transfused on same day ,platelets last longer and thus less platelets need to be given to the patient. also repeat the procedure after 72 hour if possible ,and decrease the chance of allo immunization and transfusion transmitted disease .while the disadvantage is , For a unit of apheresis Platelets hospitals paid an average of $535.15 (Bi, 2011)because plateletpheresis is expansive as it involves using a very skillful machine .and time consuming about 2 hours. (KWleong)
Bothe pooled platelets and plateletpheresis contain WBC that may cause febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction and other problems , so leukocyte are reduced before(as filter in Apheresis ) or after storage but not at bedside , to reduce the problems that may lead to platelets
In addition to cost savings for decreasing medical errors, wound infection and improving patient
IV bolus of unfractionated Heparin or Subcutaneous injection of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) may be used to prevent the formation of new blood clots. Nursing consideration: Require regular monitoring of activated partial thromboplasitn time (aPTT) and needed frequent heparin dose changes (Brunner and Suddarth’s, et al, 2010: 765). Fibrinolytic therapy: This therapy is given to dissolve the thrombus in the artery and restore the blood flow. There are two fibrinolytic drugs which are streptokinase and Recombinant tissue plasminogen activators (r-TPA) which includes Alteplase, reteplase and tenecteplase (Brunner and Suddarth’s, et al, 2010: 772).
Dialysis is not only expensive, but also rough on patients and it is only a temporary solution. Essentially, since dialysis filters the blood through a machine, the patient is stuck living to that machine until there's an available organ. Due to the advances in medicine, kidney transplantation is the best option for the patient. Not only is it reliable, causing very few complications, it can help return the patient to their normal life. However, the lack of kidneys available for transplant caused 50,000 deaths worldwide.
Blood banks in the 2000, Late advances incorporate a superior comprehension of the cause, recognition, and disposal of inhibitors found in numerous hemophilia patients, Kids who begin prophylaxis at a youthful age, and keep up their treatment, can anticipate less leap forward drains and auxiliary complexities, Exercise and nourishment are perceived as assuming essential parts in the treatment of all hemophilia patients, A few new innovations are being executed to propel hemophilia treatment. These new innovations, once used to wreck infections in blood, have been effective in essentially dispensing with the danger of
The Process of Drawing Blood As a Phlebotomist there is a process that must be followed when drawing blood. The first step, Make sure you always identify the patient, Check the paperwork to see what test needs to be performed; therefore, you will know what color collection tubes are required. Next, wash your hands, prepare the work station, and set up all the equipment that is necessary to perform the process. Then, apply gloves to ensure safety precautions for you and the patient.
Before blood transfusions were in use, soldiers kept dying because of the severe blood loss they were experiencing and no one could do much once someone lost a certain amount of blood. In 1914-1915, the use of “sodium citrate anticoagulant was introduced by Albert Hustin, Luis Agote, and Richard Lewisohn” (Pierce 3), which allowed the blood to be stored for a few days and “ended the need for donor and recipient to be in the same room” (Pierce 5). Once the war began, the transfusions done by the French and British doctors used “older, more direct methods” (Pierce 2). The greatest cause of excessive blood loss was caused by the wounded shock towards their injuries. In 1917, more physicians became familiar with transfusions and that is when Robertson drew up the plans for the every first blood bank.
The blood transfusions might be uncomfortable at the moment but they are potentially life-saving and a small sacrifice. However, a bone marrow extraction is excruciatingly painful and is much more traumatic than donating blood. Then Anna is asked to donate a kidney, which is a major operation and a major, permanent impact on her
With so many soldiers being wounded in the war this new information was put to use with thousands of men needing blood transfusions. With this came the need for blood donations. This led to the world’s first ever blood
Halloween, donating blood or suffering from a cut, you probably don't give much thought to blood on a regular basis. This fluid that flows through our bodies, though, is truly a matter of life and death. In honor of American Heart Month, let's learn a little bit more about the blood that our hearts pump through our bodies. Blood is composed of cells and plasma.
Religious belief is a very sensitive issue and often times conflicts with the medical treatment. Which in turn puts the patient’s life into a threatening situation. Nabil, you have brought up a very important issue of blood transfusion, which is forbidden in Jehovah’s Witness belief system. “The Jehovah’s Witness religion was founded in the United States in the 1870s, with approximately 6 million members worldwide. Their faith is based upon passages from the Bible that are interpreted as prohibiting the consumption of blood (whole blood, packed red cells, plasma and autologous blood).
By installing a pneumatic delivery system, the hospital system could have the licensed caregivers focus more time on providing excellent care to our patients. There are some noted concerns that using a pneumatic tube system for laboratory specimen delivery may increase the risk of hemolysis in a blood sample (Lima-Oliveira et al., 2014). However, this risk of hemolysis does not pose a substantial harm to patients and is clinically insignificant in the vast majority of cases. This is particularly true in the case of the Alvin C. York Medical Center as the units that would utilize the pneumatic tube system are units that do not serve patients with acute medical conditions. The delay that currently exists due to the extended length of time it takes to transport a specimen from one side of the campus to the other is likely more of a detriment to patient care as the risk of hemolysis from rapid
It is also a fact that 1 pint of blood, from anyone regardless of decisions, donated could save as much as 3 lives. Finally you can safely donate blood every 56 days and platelets every 7 days which I'm sure are
Vascular disorders might also cause a bleeding. To get an accurate diagnosis, which is crucial for successful treatment, the haemostatic function has to be examined. The information about the haemostatic function can by gained using a number of laboratory tests to assess platelet and coagulation
When we think of ‘donating’ we usually associate the word with money and we sometimes make excuses on why we can’t donate. But, we need to realize that there are so many things, some even more valuable than money that we can donate like, our time, items we no longer need, and our blood. I believe that donating blood can have a huge impact on someone’s life and it is something we should all consider doing. Receiving blood can be even more valuable than money for some people. Before donating we just need to consider the place we are donating to.
Renal Failure Treatment What happened when the kidneys fail to function? The normal kidney removes the wastes and harmful material in the body by making urine. When the kidneys fail, wastes and extra fluids accumulate in the blood. There are other numerous symptoms accompany with kidney failure such as nausea, trouble sleeping, poor appetite, trouble breathing, swelling of the feet or ankles, puffiness around the eyes and so on. The treatment is required with the aid of a specialist who helps to decide which treatment is efficient and when the time to start the treatment.