Body Gestures In Sign Language Essay
Body gestures and pronouns in sign languages
Introduction
Human languages have shown significant structural diversity and yet they share certain amount of properties. These are the two main reasons behind the study of linguistic diversity and the search for universal linguistics. Having the huge amount of diversity between languages, Evans and Levinson (2009) have conducted a research to see if there are any true linguistic universals at all. In their research, they argue against some substantive universals that have been proposed in the literature, and they provide examples and evidence for each case that they have studied. One such linguistic universal proposed by Pinker and Bloom (1990) is ‘anaphoric elements’, including reflexives and pronouns. Evans and Levinson claim that many languages do not have reflexive pronouns and some lack personal pronouns. They also note: ‘‘Sign languages like American Sign Language also lack pronouns, using pointing instead’’ (2009:431).
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Stokoe (1960) was the first person who recognised and described the sublexical structure of American Sign Language (ASL), and thus he claimed that it had some common properties of fundamental linguistic with spoken language. In the decades following Stokoe’s work, there was a continuing emphasis on the the position of sign languages as ‘‘real’’ languages, which could be worthy of linguistic study in their own right (see, for example, Klima and Bellugi, 1979). Assorted theoretical frameworks were applied to sign languages, most of them were within the generative tradition (see Sandler and Lillo-Martin, 2006); this approach also led to borrowing a significant amount of linguistic nomenclature or terminology from the studies of spoken
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