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STI In Nigeria

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Part One
STI situation in Nigeria
Epidemiology
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are infections that are transferred from one person to another by sexual contact. They have significant public health and economic consequences for individuals, communities and the nation at large.1
Poorly treated STIs could be the cause of infertility in male and female, ectopic pregnancy, adverse pregnancy outcomes and future development of some malignancies especially cervical cancer.
While the World Health Organisation (WHO) estimated about 499 million cases of major STIs yearly worldwide, Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for 20% of global STI estimates.2 STIs rank in the five top diseases necessitating health facility presentation in Nigeria.3 National figures …show more content…

An incidence of 2.91% was reported among undergraduates attending a university health center in Bayelsa State, South-South Nigeria. Of these, 45.3% had trichomoniasis, 32.7% had gonorrhoea, 1.8% had chlamydia while syphilis was reported in 1.2%. Co-infection with two or more STIs was found in 10.8%.2 Majority of the patients were within 20-24 years of age which corroborates the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s report that large proportion of STIs occur in people aged 25 years and less. A study in Abakaliki South-Eastern Nigeria revealed that trichomoniasis was the most prevalent co-infection with candidiasis among pregnant women.2
Among female sex workers in Lagos, a cosmopolitan city in South-Western Nigeria, self-reported STI occurred in 14%, 16% and 36.5% in year 2000, 2007 and 2013 respectively. These values exceed the national figure understandably due to the fact that sex workers are key populations that are prone to exposure to STIs than the general population.3
Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) has continued to receive special attention among the STIs in Nigeria considering the fact that Nigeria is second to South Africa in the global burden of HIV/AIDS as 9% of People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in the world are in Nigeria. HIV prevalence in Nigeria ranges from 1.0% in Kebbi State to12.6% in Benue.

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