I. Introduction
African Trypanosomiasis, also referred to as sleeping sickness, is a very common infectious disease transmitted by vectors in many different African countries. (1) African Trypanosomiasis is caused by a protozoa species called Trypanosoma brucei, which is a type of parasitic disease that affects both humans and other types of species and animals. (2) This disease is most common in rural areas, spread by the tsetse fly (Glossina genus). (3) The reason to this is that rural populations, which make a living by agriculture, fishing, hunting and husbandry, are most often exposed to these flies, and therefore are the most susceptible to the disease. (3)
The reason for the study of this infectious disease, is that it is very rarely
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Compared to several decades ago, transport nowadays is extremely convenient, only a click away from booking a flight. Thus, it has become easier for the spread of infectious diseases like African Trypanosomiasis. Surveillance is crucial in the controlling of the disease; tighter controls on travelling into these areas can help prevent the disease from spreading. As mentioned above, due to a lack of surveillance, there was an outbreak of sleeping sickness back in 1998, so to prevent future unwanted repetitions of this situation, the WHO and governments from different countries should take more action to ensure screening is done.
Other contributing factors include population migration, civil war, reduced healthcare financing and economic decline. (8)
VI. Conclusion
To conclude, African Trypanosomiasis is a deadly disease taking the lives of numerous people in Africa. Although the mortality rate has been declining in recent years, the risk of contacting the disease remains at a very high amount, plus, another factor, like the number of lost years due to illness of the patients should also be taken into account.
This infectious disease may not seem relevant to the population of developed countries and cities, since Africa seems like such a far away place that would not affect us, WHO and the government should see the world as a whole, and not neglect any this disease that has taken the lives of so many on this
Introduction In the book “The Hot Zone” by Richard Preston (1995), Preston (1995) talks about Ebola, a killer disease that originally broke out in Central Africa. Preston (1995) talks about three main concerns that the public should have about Ebola. One concern is the biohazard safety levels, the second worry are the symptoms that people experience day to day and the third one is identifying the virus correctly. Biohazard Safety Level Biohazard Safety Levels are very important from the CDC protecting the world population from small diseases such as HIV; to the worst of the worst like Ebola.
A portion of the illnesses that the Locals abruptly needed to manage are chicken pox, measles, typhus, jungle fever, whooping hack and little pox. Since huge numbers of these maladies were transferable through air and touch, this made it much less demanding for these sicknesses to be transmitted from individual to individual. Out of the considerable number of sicknesses little pox seemed to have been the most decimating to the Locals. One of the fundamental explanations behind this was it was frequently misdiagnosed for being another
The #1 New York Times Bestseller, The Hot Zone, authored by Richard Preston works with its main goal of educating society on the sinister topic of the Ebola virus. It endeavors and adequately completes its goal to reveal the terrifying truth of the origins of this pernicious virus to the whole of society. It is due to the fact that the Ebola Virus is both highly deadly as well as an infectious disease that it comes as no surprise that it is characterized as an exotic “hot” virus. While the book takes place in and discusses many different places, the book’s main focus is on the continent of Africa, and the outbreaks that occur there. The first known outbreak of the Ebola Virus was located in a Central African rainforest, during the time when
These childhood illnesses had grown widespread in most regions other than remote villages, killing one fourth to one half of all children before they turned six years old. However, with the notable exception of influenza, survivors carried some level of immunity, and frequently absolute protection, to the majority of these illnesses. Yellow fever and falciparum malaria likewise made their way across the Atlantic from Africa to the Americas. Falciparum malaria is by far the most severe form of that plasmodial infection. These illnesses circulated throughout Native American communities as epidemics in the centuries following 1492.
In today’s society, specific illnesses are found in certain areas because of a lack of sanitation or limited access to medicine and vaccinations. At this point, sanitation was relatively poor everywhere, which lead to its high infection rate. Other factors such as the Arab expansion, the Crusades and the discovery of the West Indies all contributed to the spread of the disease. Humans, by nature, are curious creatures, which is one of the many reasons why smallpox escalated to multiple different areas around the world. A great example of this is the introduction of smallpox by the Spanish and Portuguese explorers.
Information such Malaria’s high transmission rate and vulnerability in young children and pregnant women became available, sending our country into mass hysteria. These two events in history both have a common theme of allowing a small problem transform into something much larger due to the spread of
Documents 4,5, and 8, show that some people thought that their religion was the cause of the infection. In document 4 Hindu people believed that the infection was a visitation from one of their goddesses, and no treatment for the infection should be pursued. This document came from a British section of India, Madras. This means that the author might not be Hindu so we don’t know why the Hindu people were neglecting treatment. Document 5 states that some Christians believe that it was God who sent this pestilence for the good of the world, and
With this observation, physicians recommended moving away from those areas. The depopulation of the coastal south was because of this illness we now know as malaria. Malaria increased mortality rates and depopulations of important regions of the country. With this increase in mortality rate, the age structure of the society also changed to a younger demographic in places of
Follow up of the case and trials. Data Gathered: Duration of outbreak, Gender involved, Race, Community ,Geographical area, Social Status, Economical status, Religious Belief, Staple Diet, Environmental Factors, External Factors like wars, land disputes, anxiety , Social status and vulnerability of the
Personal Statement A frail little girl, who had contracted Malaria upon leaving her country of Nigeria, arrived to America with her family in the year 1996. That little girl was me. Upon my arrival, I received immense care and support from the doctors and nurses of Oakland 's Children 's Hospital. My doctors informed my parents that we came to America just in time to receive proper treatment.
Gaukhar Dosmuratova PSYC 1111 Sleep Deprivation experiments Sleep deprivation is a condition when a person has problems to get enough sleep. Nowadays, sleep deprivation has become a common problem. Sleep plays a vital role in people’s lives because by getting enough sleep at the right times a person can protect his/her mental and physical health. During sleep, your body and mind are resting and it supports healthy brain function and maintain person’s physical health. There are many types of research were made on sleep deprivation.
Sleep paralysis is when, during awakening or falling asleep, a person is aware but unable to move.[1][2] During an episode, one may hear, feel, or see things that are not there.[1] It often results in fear.[1] Episodes generally last less than a couple of minutes.[2]
These as a matter of fact, substantiate why poor people are susceptible to developing contagious chronic conditions like TB, poor ventilated house, overcrowded, no access to health services, unfavourable occupation and inadequate health information which could easily lead the spread of Tuberculosis in poor rural areas. Social or structural forces account for most epidemic disease. Poverty for example is an economic structural violence which has to be altered in order to attain and alleviate the burdens of disease amongst poor people. On the fact of it, a poor individual who works in the mining industries is more at risk of getting Tuberculosis than an individual who works in a well-ventilated office- social inequality.
One third of deaths, some 18 million people a year or 50,000 per day, are due to poverty-related causes. ("Poverty - New World Encyclopedia", 2017) Infectious diseases continue to stain the lives of the poor across the world. An estimated 40 million people are living with HIV/AIDS, with 3 million deaths in 2004. Every year there are 350–500 million cases o bf malaria, with 1 million fatalities: Africa accounts for 90
Transmission occurs in large areas of Africa, central and South America, the Caribbean, Asia, Eastern Europe and the South Pacific. The body’s natural defence mechanisms that fight malarial parasites are more common in populations of people, that are continually exposed to the parasite. Also for individuals with inherited conditions such as sickle cell anaemia and Thalassaemia, which are in fact conditions in which cause abnormalities in the red blood cells. It is also found within people that come from regions impacted by malaria.