Essay On Smoking During Pregnancy

Smoking cigarettes during pregnancy is one of the most important preventable causes of adverse pregnancy outcomes and represents the first major environmental risk of the fetus. If we compare it with other risk factors in the perinatal period, exposure to tobacco smoke is considered one of the most harmful and is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality both long and short term for the mother and baby. A series of adverse pregnancy outcomes are related to cigarette smoking before and during pregnancy. Exposure to maternal prenatal cigarette smoke alters the balance between the oxidant and antioxidant system, has a negative impact on the genetic and cellular level of the mother and fetus and causes a large number of diseases in

If there are certain genetic predispositions, the adverse effects of smoking during pregnancy multiply. These genes seem to play an important role in the signaling pathway of the aryl hydrocarbon, which mediates the clearance and detoxification of the poisonous components of tobacco smoke.

Mothers who smoke during pregnancy have an altered local and systemic immune system. Using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in real time, flow cytometry and immunohistochemical investigations, natural killer cells and inflammatory macrophages are present locally if the woman smokes cigarettes. Smoking mothers have lower percentages of regulatory T cells than pregnant women who do not smoke.

Cigarettes are legal poisons, which not only harm the health of the mother, but also endanger the health of the unborn baby. These damages induced by smoking for the unborn offspring are manifested several times in life, some are clearly visible from birth, others are evident only in the next generation. These diseases have one thing in common: the vast majority of them are permanent and for the majority there is only a very limited range of causal