Essay On Solar Wind

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The Solar was first detected in 1896 by Kristian Birkeland, who proposed that aurorae were due to particles emanating from the Sun \citep{SternDP}. In 1958 Parker demonstrated that the wind is a result of high temperature of the corona and the low density in the ISM. The solar wind is made up of plasma which mostly consists of electrons , protons ans alpha particles with energies varying between 1.5 and 10 keV. This solar wind varies in density temperature and speed over time and longitude.\\

The Solar winds originate from the Solar corona (the outermost part of the Sun's atmosphere), where the outward force on the particles due to the magnetic field is greater than the gravitational force of the sun. These are highly ionised plasma which travel from the sun at supersonic varying speeds, depending on their origin. Low dense bubbles (astrosphere) are …show more content…

The solar wind is a plasma and thus exhibits plasma-like characteristics. The winds are highly electrically conductive so that the magnetic field lines from the sun are carried along by the winds themselves. The plasma in the interplanetary medium is also responsible for the strength of the Sun's magnetic field at the orbit of the Earth being over 100 times greater than originally anticipated. If space were a vacuum, then the Sun's magnetic dipole field, about 10−4 Teslas at the surface of the Sun, would reduce with the inverse cube of the distance to about 10−11 Teslas. But satellite observations show that it is about 100 times greater at around 10−9 Teslas. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) theory predicts that the motion of a conducting fluid (e.g. the interplanetary medium) in a magnetic field, induces electric currents which in turn generates magnetic fields, and in this respect it behaves like a MHD model. The magnetic field modifies the plasma properties of the stellar

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