Essay On Statelessness
Article 15 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights clearly states that (1) “Everyone has the right to a nationality" and that (2) “No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality." Despite this guarantee, people in all parts of the world face the prospect of living without the rights and lack the security and protection which such nationality can provide.
The 1954 Convention is designed to ensure that stateless people enjoy a minimum set of human rights. Art 1 of the Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, 1954 establishes the legal definition of a stateless person as someone who is “not recognized as a national by any state under the operation of its law.” Simply put, this means that a stateless person is someone who does not have the nationality of any country. The exact number of stateless people is not known, but UNHCR estimates that there are at least 10 million globally. They are fighting for the same basic human rights that the most of us take for granted. Often they are excluded from cradle to grave-being denied a legal identity when they are born, access to education, health care, marriage and job opportunities during their lifetime and even the
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Whatever the cause, statelessness has serious consequences for people in almost every country and in all regions of the world. Stateless persons are often denied enjoyment of a range of rights, including access to identity documents, education, employment and healthcare. Statelessness affects not only local communities, by effectively marginalizing and disenfranchising certain groups, but the international community as a whole, by making people more vulnerable to human trafficking and other forms of exploitation, such as recruitment by violent groups. Statelessness can both lead to, and result from, forced displacement. It can also contribute to political and social tensions and, where large populations are excluded or marginalized, can impair a State’s economic and social
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