Yaakov Kessler Mrs.Legum AP World History Enlightenment LEQ After a dark period of time a new age of philosophers committed to bettering the citizens were born. The Enlightenment Period consisted of philosophers that advocated for political, social, and economic changes. The enlightenment thinkers motivated the revolutions of the 18 and 19th century by promoting Equal rights of Man and by preaching that governments should be managed by branches instead of a monarch. One of the most influential revolutions was the American revolution whereas the American colonists were fed up with the British and declared independence from them. The declaration of independence which proclaimed to both the British and the colonists that a new government will be set up with equal rights of Man and A three branched government. The Declaration of Independence was heavily influenced by John Locke whose ideas Justified the rebellion against the British. John Locke’s ideas were so heavily impactful on the declaration that it states “life liberty and the pursuit of happiness” which is almost a carbon …show more content…
During this meeting the third estate established itself as the national assembly and wanted equality for the third estate. This assembly called for tax reform and limited power to the monarch. As doing so the king attempted to stop the assembly from meeting and a Tennis court Oath took place. Enlightenment thinkers Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Montesquieu influenced a revolution due to the social contract presumed to have been broken by the monarch. John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Montesquieu also influenced the writing of The Declaration of Rights of Man which gave equal rights to all men . After a bloody revolution a new Government was set up using Montesquieu's ideas about the separation of powers which influenced the creation of the Constitution of
The statements provided can cause the people of the colonies to rebel against the government due to injustice to human rights. The Declaration spells out the injustices that had been done on the colonies and the people felt that the government was never really going to conjure up a solution for the problems that they faced. Locke stated, “… the want of … an appeal gives a man the right of war even against an aggressor, tho’ he be in
On July 4, 1776 the Declaration of Independence was established. Thomas Jefferson and four other founding fathers directed a committee to draft the declaration. In the Declaration of Independence, the committee acknowledges the ingrained rights of human beings, and the way the government is supposed to protect those same rights. He then states the abuse that the English regimentation showed and commanded the colonies, which diminishes the human rights. Jefferson explains the very reasons why it’s important for the colonies to be on their own away from Britain.
The purpose of this document was to provide a reason and declare independence from Britain making America its own country. The formulation of this document was a result of the American people growing continuously more discontented with the unfair treatment from the British crown. The basis of this document was to deliver personal freedoms to all citizens and declare a new government based on the people's rights to have a voice, these are main ideas of the enlightenment. The ideas of John Locke and other Enlightenment thinkers are found within the second paragraph of the document where it is written, “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that amongst these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness” (Declaration). This shows John Locke’s heavy influence of Enlightenment principles over some of the authors of the document, mainly Thomas Jefferson.
The rights of “life, liberty, health, and possessions” are an essential key in having a balanced life. The Two Treatises on Government written by John Locke, influenced most ideas in the Declaration of Independence and The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. This document influenced Enlightenment ideas such as religious toleration, the sovereignty of the people, press freedom, the right to rebel, and no taxation without representation. These documents helped create a better society in the word today.
A tale as old as time, the common people whom all want a voice in their own governance. In the Declaration of Independence, the thirteen colonies of England in America denounced the King of England. This was drafted to declare the causes which impelled them to separate from England’s reign. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, on the other hand, was written to declare rights given to everyone.
Our society would not be what it is today if it wasn't for the three French philosophers for the individual freedom, freedom in government, religion, economy, and gender equality. John Locke, Voltaire, and Adam Smith were four of the many great philosophers, who changed our society and the shaped the capitalistic democratic world that we live in today. These philosophers lived in a time of bright and amazing new ideas, known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason. Here are the main ideas of Enlightenment. John Locke (1632-1704) was one of the three main French philosophers.
Rousseau demonstrated the importance of “rights as a community as a whole” regarding the different benefits in the hierarchical divisions found through the estates . This atmosphere of questioning how France was governed was a significant change in the pre-revolutionary
The Declaration’s method was to state a philosophical and political belief common of the Enlightenment in 18th century, to list 27 very specific and descriptive reasons as to why the colonials wanted independence, and to state that, since “Governments exist only through the power of the people that they represent… when a government fails to grant rights to the people and removes the involvement of the people, the people have the right to change their government.” The person who pushed the ideology was John Locke, who was a huge the proponent of the Enlightenment. He believed that humans, by nature, had the right to pursue “life, health, liberty and possessions”. Jefferson altered this in the Declaration to "life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness." Locke also thought that the divine right of the King, and kings holding absolute power because they were placed on the throne by God, was wrong and that the people had the right to govern themselves.
If this was not being done, he proclaimed that the people had the right to rebel. Other philosophers also convinced the French people about the corruption and misdeeds of the French monarchy. For example, Baron de Montesquieu frequently spoke that there should be a separation of power in
Consequently, a limited government was created in response to these new thoughts. Furthermore, this new type of government was extremely revolutionary because it changed the way that the citizens had thought or viewed about the government. Two Enlightenment philosophers that influenced the creation of the government were John Locke and Montesquieu. John Locke had the belief that everyone had natural rights (life, liberty, property) and that if the government failed to protect these rights, they could be overthrown and replaced. Also, Montesquieu’s idea of the separation of powers helped shape the government.
When learning about The Enlightenment in class, I found many different aspects of this time period very intriguing. The various ideas being spread around by numerous individuals really caught my interest. So many people were questioning their faith and turning to science and other things besides religion. This time period for some reason reminded me slightly of our culture now. We as a culture have broken away from religion, mostly the younger generation.
This sharing of power added ideas from the newly formed government that focused on the freedoms of citizens in England. Voltaire contended that the English government had successfully limited the power of the monarchy by affirming the power of the nobility, criticizing the French feudal system for its inability to share political power amongst the citizens of France (6). Advocating a limited monarchy to hold political discussions concerning the progress of the French government towards liberal reforms during the French Revolution. Voltaire as an enlightened philosophe, published papers about the rationality of the French government, which influenced his attitude towards the English constitutional monarchy that implemented the enlightened ideal of liberty. John Locke wrote that the purpose of electing legislative powers was to create laws and rules that protected the “properties of all the members of society,” a natural right of mankind (5).
John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu were political philosophers that debated the question of who was best fit to control the government. Locke and Montesquieu shared similar political beliefs such as natural rights and the separation of government powers. However, both philosophers did, in fact, have their personal views that helped them accomplish important achievements. John Locke published “Two Treatises of Government” and “ An Essay Concerning Human Understanding,” which present a detail philosophy of the mind and thought. Locke’s “An Essay Concerning Human Understanding,” lays out his philosophical project.
Philosophes of the Enlightenment Baron de Montesquieu was a French philosopher who was most known for his idea of having an equal system of governments. He was born in Bordeaux, France on 18th January 1869 to a wealthy family who had once done services for the royal family. Montesquieu was a sharp social writer and a political thinker. He gained a lot of respect after publishing the The Spirit of Laws which was about how governments should work. He also established the idea of a separation of powers:legislative, executive and judicial.
During the Estates General, Louis XIV believes he can rid the Third Estate’s demands by locking them out. The Third Estate moves next door to a tennis court and takes an oath to remain there until there is a constitutional monarchy, a form of government promulgated by Montesquieu in his “Spirit of Laws”. “Montesquieu claimed that a liberal constitutional monarchy was the best system of government for a people who prized freedom, on the grounds that by dividing the sovereignty of the nation between several centres of power, it provided a permanent check on any one of them becoming despotic.” Montesquieu is clearly vital in the French Revolution as he sets the structure of government which the National Assembly demands and provides the governmental goal of