Using hydrogen energy can help reduce air pollution greenhouse gas emissions that are a product from the use of fossil fuels. The fact that hydrogen leakage is a big problem, on a very large, the leakage of hydrogen can be hazardous to the environment. It can also leak into the atmosphere during the production and transportation of the gas. Hydrogen can increase climate effects, cause ozone depletion in the atmosphere and increase the lifetime of
In the fuel cell device uses Hydrogen as a fuel to produce electrons protons heat and water. Fuel cell technology is based upon the simple reaction given
DISADVANTAGES There are few disadvantages of fuel cells, some are given below: Highly flammable- since hydrogen is a very powerful source of fuel, it is very flammable. It burns at very extensive concentration in air between 4 to 75 %. Expensive- hydrogen takes a lot of time to separate element from other due to which it’s very expensive. Difficult storage- hydrogen is very hard to shift around. When speaking about oil or coal, they can be easily sent or carried off.
This conversion takes place by the process of electrochemical combination of hydrogen with the oxygen from air. There are numerous advantages of fuel cells. One primary advantage is that it is a clean process unlike most of the combustion process as there is low emission of gases like NOx and CO2 and this attributed to not being an electrochemical process and not being limited by Carnot Cycle. Fuel Cells also offer higher efficiencies of electricity production. Other merits of this technology include flexibility and modularity, as it is not trouble significantly by issues of lubrication, wear, leakage and loss of heat that influence the working of conventional heat
Non- valuable metal catalysts can also be used making these fuel cells very low in cost [8, 9]. Despite of these advantages, NASA and many of the fuel cell worlds started moving from alkaline fuel cells in favor of PEM-based technology in the 1970s and 1980s, and today they get far less research and development attention
The first five types of fuel cells are characterised by their low/medium operating temperatures (50-2100C) and their relatively lower energy efficiencies. The other three types of fuel cells are characterised by their high operating temperatures (600-10000C) and their relatively higher energy efficiencies. These fuel cells are capable of directly utilising methane and thus, they possess inherently high efficiencies [16]. Fuel cells provide high reliability and require low maintenance. Due to their silent operation and modular nature, fuel cells are especially suited for localised power generation free from distribution networks.
These would be: the cost, the fact that there is an unlimited supply of resources to make the fuel with, it’s a renewable source that benefits our environment and it leads to economic stimulation and. First of all, the cost is an advantage since biofuels have to potential to be significantly less expensive than petroleum or any fossil fuel. This is possible due to the increasing worldwide demand for oil. Meanwhile, the supply for oil is diminishing, making biofuels more desirable whilst the prices are constantly fluctuating. Whereas fossil fuels are limited since they come from specific materials years ago, biofuels are renewable (since you can always produce more if it runs out) and can be manufactured from a variety of materials such as: crop waste, manure and other byproducts.
These would be: the cost, the fact that there is an unlimited supply of resources to make the fuel with, it’s a renewable source that benefits our environment and it leads to economic stimulation and. First of all, the cost is an advantage since biofuels have to potential to be significantly less expensive than petroleum or any fossil fuel. This is possible due to the increasing worldwide demand for oil. Meanwhile, the supply for oil is diminishing, making biofuels more desirable whilst the prices are constantly fluctuating. Whereas fossil fuels are limited since they come from specific materials years ago, biofuels are renewable (since you can always produce more if it runs out) and can be manufactured from a variety of materials such as: crop waste, manure and other byproducts.
Fossil fuels are also very easy to transport and store; natural gas through pipelines, and crude oil and coal through tankers and fuel trucks. Because these fuels consist of only hydrogen and carbon, they are relatively stable molecules and generally do not undergo nuclear decay. Unlike other fuel sources like wind and solar energy, fossil fuels produce a large amount of energy when they undergo combustion. This is called the calorific value and refers to the amount of energy produced when a volume of gas is completely combusted (kJ/kg). Since this value is very large for fossil fuels (44,800 for diesel and 46,200 for kerosene), they are an ideal fuel for cars, but also for power stations.
Hydropower stations do not require a lot of people to run, so operation cost is low. Disadvantages of Hydropower 1. Hydropower sites are very expensive to build and require decades before the plant becomes profitable because of initial money required. 2. Natural environment is destroyed due to massive flooding of areas cause damage to landscape and wildlife.