Introduction: - Transportation Engineering involves the movement of goods, people, services along various modes i.e. the road way, railway, water and airways. It deals with the working knowledge for initiating preliminary and final proposal for affecting such schemes of modes. Transportation engineering provides data analyses which are required for complete engineering design and construction of transportation systems. It is also a science which covered designing, planning, maintenance and operation of the roads for the convenience of the road traffic, which is called high way engineering. Among the various modes of transportation engineering is the rail transportation engineering which deals with the planning, designing, operations and maintenance …show more content…
It was built during the colonial era for the purposes of administration and exploitation of natural resources. There are two main gauge axes (North – South) serving the Eastern and western transportation corridors. The western axis connects Lagos, the former capital now the financial capital and international seaport to Kaduna and Kano from Kano a spur branched to Nguru close to Niger republic. From Zaria a spur links Kaura in Namoda via Gusua. From Minna in Niger State a line branches south to Burno which is located in the banks of river Niger. The Eastern axis connects the international seaport. Port-Harcourt to Maiduguri, via state capitals of Umuhia, Enugu, Makurdi, Lafia, Bauchi and Gombe. In addition, a short spur connects Jos, the capital of Plateau state. The following new constructions are being undertaken by the Nigerian railway corporation (NRC):- (i) A 320km long standard gauge between Ajaokuta, the iron and steel factory to Warri. (ii) A new track is being built between Port-Harcourt and the federal ocean terminal in onne, using multi-gauge sleepers in order to allow for standard gauge use in
Industrial and Transportation Revolution During the late 1800s, the United States economy changed due to new inventions, remarkably rapid growth, and new forms of communication and transportation. Different factories were being built, and manufacturers had begun to reorganize the way of work. Factories and workers were going from hand production to machinery. The Industrial Revolution marked a turning point.
But for the business of the railway it makes sure they know how long it will take to transport certain equipment on the railway and creates competition between different
African civilizations were transformed through trade. This allowed art and government for new developments and changes. As civilizations changed, aesthetics advanced based on the geography and new cultural aspects, along with new governing influences. These African civilizations thrived on their own by using leadership and other ideas from neighboring trade countries. Trade modified aspects of certain kingdoms from religion to social structures.
In document 7, the railroads in imperial india connected regions like never seen before. This was due to the fact that for most of its history the region’s been largely
Lawrence Seaway is a vital part of Canada’s economy and has led to the country increasing its efficiency in transportation, maximizing profit, and becoming a very active exporter and importer of goods. Officially opened on June 26, 1959 (Hamelin, 2014), the seaway was and is still a very efficient method of transportation for bulk goods not only around Ontario, Quebec, and the US, but it also connects directly to the Atlantic Ocean where international cargo and freight ships can travel. Goods can travel much faster than in the past, and there is no longer any need for the tedious use of multiple forms of transportation like prior to 1959. The St. Lawrence Seaway makes Canada famous for being one of the most heavily used trade routes worldwide (Shaw, 2009). Although the almost staggering cost of construction and maintenance for Canada was three hundred and thirty million dollars, after the installation of six hundred million dollars worth of hydroelectric implementations financed by both Canada and the US, the gross profit earned from the seaway allowed the nation to repay all related debts (Hamelin, 2014).
The US went through revolutionary advancements in transportation from 1800 to 1840. The transportation improvements had substantial effects on the economy and also individual development. People could now buy goods that were made in places faraway because access was easier to towns and cities and people’s experiences grew as they were able to be more mobile (309). The roads were inadequate in 1800, so the federal government funded the National Road in 1808 to establish its dedication to improve the roads in the nation and so then by 1839 the East and West would be tied together (309). Commerce was still inadequate even with the National Road funded which improved transportation.
These highlighted such features as obstructions, existing pipelines and conservation areas. Taking the results of these studies into consideration the most direct pipeline route was used in order to minimize any impact on marine life. An additional reason for choosing the shortest route was to minimize the possibility of rupture which can cause severe environmental damage. Pipes were laid parallel to existing pipes if possible in order to produce less of an environmental impact and risk to other potential seabed users. Although it was preferable to avoid pipeline burial due to the length of time it can take for re-colonisation by marine species it was considered necessary to bury Pipeline A. Pipes A and B are both made of high quality corrosion resistant material, able to withstand high pressure and will be protected against upheaval buckling in order to avoid pipeline rupture which may result in oil spills.
How do you prefer to travel? When transportation was the first heard of, many people traveled by horse and buggy. There were great strides in transportation during the 1920’s and 1930’s. There were five main models of transportation including automobiles, trains, ocean liners, public transportations, and airplanes. All of these transportations were used very much in the 1920’s and 1930’s.
Richard Trevithick, paved the way to a steam run America and the transcontinental railroad. He invented the first high powered steam engine and the first steam run railroad locomotive; two of the most important inventions in history. Born April 13th, 1771 and form Cornwell England; one of the richest mining areas in the world. He had a modest start and did not do well at all in school; and yet he still went on to be one of the greatest contributors to the progress of America and the world. Trevithick was born in Camborne, a mineral-mining area of Cornwall.
The rate of poverty and homelessness created a need for more economic opportunities. Colonies provided a chance for work and prosperity(Iweriebor, “The colonization of Africa”). Europeans lied to the Africans and made them sign what the Africans thought were peace treaties. Proverbs were among the many popular folkloric forms. Nigeria’s diverse past traditions provide many culture ideas(Gall, Hobby, “nigeria”).
Traffic congestion is a condition on convey networks that occurs as use increases, and is characterized by more gradual speeds, longer trip times, and incremented vehicular queueing. The most mundane example is the physical utilization of roads by conveyances. When traffic demand is great enough that the interaction between conveyances slows the haste of the traffic stream, this results in some congestion. As demand approaches the capacity of a road (or of the intersections along the road), extreme traffic congestion sets in. When conveyances are plenarily ceased for periods of time, this is colloquially kenned as a traffic jam or traffic snarl-up.
AN AMAZING TRIP TO LAGOS Lagos is one of the best loved and darling regions of Africa that captures the attention of hundreds of people from various corners of the world. Known to be the most vibrant, pulsating and happening destination of this planet it offers a charismatic and magical ambiance that attracts plenty of locals and hundreds of foreigners who just love to capture and enjoy the charm and bewitchment of this flamboyant destination. Lagos is located in the south-western part of Nigeria and occupies the region of more than 3,577 square kilometres and is very popular for being the superb and magnificent metropolis of the country. It is highly appreciated and famous for the jaw dropping and spell-casting islands; the worth-watching ones include Lagos Island, Victoria Island, Ikoyi, Iddo and plenty of others. Though the list of such fascinating and enticing spots is very long but some of the most popular and worth-seeing ones are discussed as below.
THE FUNCTION OF ENGINEERS IN PROTECTING THE SOCIETY 1. MEANING OF ENGINEERING We often use the words “science and technology” for engineering. what can be done by engineers with science and technology? Researchers think about it and do some research which resulted in the understanding that engineering is about planning and designing something that helps society by regulating science and technology.
An introduction to highway building: Although there are many methods to constructing a road, all are based on the principle that geographical objects are removed and replaced with harder and more wear-resistant materials. The pre-existing rock and earth is removed by digging or explosions. Tunnels, embankments and bridge are then added when necessary. The material that the road is being constructed from is then laid by various pieces of equipment, which will be looked at in greater detail in this assignment. The construction management of roads has become increasingly more difficult as larger structures are constantly being required in increasingly short amounts of time.