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Urban Agriculture In China

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2.1 Introduction
Urban agriculture (UA) is a dynamic concept that consists of a variety of livelihood systems ranging from subsistence production and processing at the household level to more commercialized agriculture occurring at different locations with different and socioeconomic conditions (FAO,2007). Due to its diversity different researchers across the world have come up with different definitions for urban agriculture.
UNDP (1996) defines urban agriculture (UA) as an activity that produces, processes, and markets food and other products in urban and peri-urban areas, applying intensive production methods, to yield a diversity of crops and livestock". Mougeot (2005) defines urban agriculture as an ‘industry located within (intra-urban) …show more content…

Peri urban agriculture plays a crucial role in the supply of fresh food to Beijing citizens. In 2002, the self-sufficiency rate with respect to vegetables was 55 per cent in Beijing and 50 per cent in Shanghai (Zhang, 2006). In 2005, there were about 3.6 million migrants in Beijing. Of these migrants, over 600,000 (17 per cent) were engaged in activities directly related to urban agriculture (Zhang, 2006).
A 2013 study of four cities found out that in Bangalore, India, UA practitioners were found within the city limits and in a 5 km area around the city, engaged in both crop and livestock production(World bank, 2013). Agriculture in the urban area is mainly a secondary or tertiary occupation. Mostly leafy vegetables and millet are grown for home consumption as well as for the market, with livestock rearing as more of an income-earning strategy (Acre et al 2007; World Bank

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