Urban Morphology Essay

Urban morphology is a branch of research, aimed to examine physical elements of human settlements’ forms. Generally, studies are performed to make a physical evaluation of the geometric form of buildings and/or open spaces. For example, Islamic street networks had common characteristics dissimilar from cities in other cultural background, typical features include an abundant amount of organic networks having many impasses, winding and narrow roads and a lack of main streets. The Ottoman empire, which represent one of most powerful and larger Islamic state, included cities in different regions of its territory, generally with common features and few differences.

The diversity and variety forms of urban tissues is often returned to morphological

Later it was renamed Cirta, by the Numidian king Syphax, who turned it into his capital. The city was taken over by Numidia, the country of the Berber people, after the Phoenicians were defeated by Rome in the Third Punic War. In 311, during the civil war between emperor Maxentius and usurper Domitius Alexander (a former governor of Africa), the city was destroyed. Rebuilt in 313, it was subsequently named after emperor Constantine the Great. It was governed Islamic Khilafa in the 7th century, receiving the name of Qusantina. Since 1529 it was intermittently part of Ottoman Empire, ruled by a Turkish Bey (governor) subordinate to the Dey of Algiers. Salah Bey, who ruled the city in 1770–1792, greatly embellished it and built much of the Muslim architecture still visible

The users of such data have also expanded to include federal agencies (e.g., LANL, LLNL (e.g., Chin et al. 2000), DTRA (Pace 2002), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (e.g., Ching et al. 2002; Dupont et al.2004), university research centers, university researchers (e.g., Rozoff et al. 2003), and private consultants (Haider Taha and Robert Bornstein, personal communication).

The data collection for this study started by getting maps of high resolution which allows us to get buildings’ details as long as the study is achieved on urban scale, by Buildings and streets’ details digitized from Izmir city map, (harıta şube müdürü, Izmir) 2014, projected on (WGS 1984 Webercator Auxiliary Sphere, Geographic Coordinate System: