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Vancomycin Research Paper

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The identification of pharmacologically compounds from natural sources triggers efforts geared towards the total synthesis of the identified compounds and/or the generation of analogs” so as to aid in fighting against an increase in bacteria resistant to antibiotics. One such natural product is vancomycin which was originally discovered in a strain of Amycolatopsis orientalis (Streptomyces orientalis) isolated from a soil sample in Borneo. Amycolatopsis orientalis which is also called Streptomyces orientalis was first discovered by Pittenger and Brigham in1956. Amycolatopsis orientalis is from genus Amycolatopsis which has high guanine and cytosine content bacteria within the Pseudonocardiaceae family. Amycolatopsis orientalis is grown at 26°C in aerobic conditions and is stored at -80 °C frozen or 2 °C to 8 °C in the freeze–dried condition. This has produce the secondary metabolite; vancomycin. As a result of this secondary metabolite have help to show how the microorganism can be beneficial to us and that not all are disease causing and harmful.
Vancomycin is a glycopeptides antibiotic which is used in the treatment of serious infections caused by gram-positive bacteria. Vancomycin is the drug used for last resort when all other antibiotics have …show more content…

However from research, it was seen that analogs were made to increase the production and improve the treatment of vancomycin in order to fight bacteria resistance to this drug. The most common forms of resistance to vancomycin occur in enterococcal strains and involve the acquisition of a set of genes encoding proteins that direct peptidoglycan precursors to incorporate D-Ala-D-Lac (Lac = lactate) instead of D-Ala-D-Ala. Therefore, vancomycin does not bind D-Ala-D-Lac and as such the bacterial cells expressing this modified peptide are not sensitive to the drug. (The National Academy of Sciences,

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