Essay On Vascular Surgery

The mitral valve is also reconstructed during surgery either by repairing it or, if needed, replacing it so that the valve will close tightly enough to regulate the blood flow. However, during a complete atrioventricular septal defect repair, the doctor will also divide the single mitral valve into two separate valves, with one each on the left and right sides of the repaired septum. If dividing the mitral valve is not possible for the procedure, then a heart valve replacement would be needed to proceed. The anatomical system that is affected by this procedure is the cardiovascular system. The operation is performed in the chest cavity on the heart, with the septum and valves being reconstructed or replaced.

1. What is TAVI – describe the components of the technology? Transcatheter aortic valve implantation is a very important and difficult surgery for diseased aortic valve. This surgery happened instead of aortic valve replacement when the diagnosis for the heart disease is aortic stenosis. TAVI is an invasive procedure to aortic valve.

There are many preventions that can be made to avoid this disease along with knowing the symptoms to know what precautions to take. Furthermore, with today’s advanced technology, there are also many diagnostic tests that help doctors treat those with the late effects a stroke may cause. Pathophysiology A cerebrovascular accident may occur when the blood supply of the brain is cut off or reduced gradually. As a result, oxygen and nutrients aren’t able to reach the brain and it’s cells being to die. There are two

Surgery is done in patients who have severe pain, disability, neuropathy or malignancy. Etiology- Spinal stenosis occurring congenitally is due to segmentation failure, achondroplasia or due to incomplete closure of vertebra arch. Developmental anomalies

The way to prevent this developing cancer is to have regular gynecological care, involing pelvic exams, while pregnancies and oral controceptives can also help prevent this cancer. Finally there is testicular cancer can devolpe from having mumps during childhood, and dificty during pregnancy. The way to prevent this cancer are very limiting which is also highly recommended to conduct screenings and any abnormalities should be consulted with a

Varicose Veins Overview- A varicose vein (or varicose veins) is the abnormal dilation of the veins that appear swollen and that sometimes, when the varicose vein involves a superficial vein, can be observed through the skin. In our body the arteries carry oxygenated blood to the rest of the body from the heart, the veins, however, return the oxygen-poor blood to the heart because it is pushed towards the lungs and oxygenated. The arteries, which push oxygenated blood, they have a very effective muscle layer, which carries blood to the pressure or heart but not so the veins, which carry blood to low pressure. Every vein so it can dilate and become varicose, in fact it is a fairly common disease that affects mainly the veins of the legs and

After the atrioventricular node is destroyed a pacemaker is then put into place in order to allow the continuation of electrical impulse to the ventricles. Another surgery that can be done is a surgical maze procedure. In this procedure the doctors makes several small cuts on specific areas of the heart. When these cuts heal the form scar tissues. Scar tissues are fibrosis tissues meaning that they doesn’t carry out the function of the tissues that they are replacing they are simply there to bind the tissues together.

This case report highlights that not only the tracheal tube or the cuff, but also the pilot tube can cause problems during extubation, and such an event is difficult to identify. Introduction General Anaesthesia through nasotracheal intubation is a commonly preferred technique in oral and maxillofacial surgery for an unhindered surgical field.1Several complications can occur during nasal intubation such as haemorrhage, retropharyngeal dissection, partial / complete turbinectomy and mucosal tears.2-4Difficult

Marfan syndrome is not the only genetic disorder that affects connective tissue and has conditions including Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that messes with the connective tissue throughout the body (Marfan Foundation) and was discovered by Antoine Marfan in France back in 1896 (KidsHealth). Features of this genetic disorder are mostly found in the heart, blood vessels, bones, joints, and eyes. (Marfan Foundation) But it affects each person differently. Marfan can be life threatening, as it affects the lungs, skin, and nervous system.

MitraClip was made to help people who have mitral valve regurgitation, this is when blood begins flowing backwards through the mitral valve. This procedure is not as invasive as the normal treatment for mitral valve regurgitation and allows the patient to heal faster. This procedure consists of, clipping the mitral valve leaflets together instead of being sutured, like they would be in open heart surgery. This procedure like the TAVR is performed through a catheter inserted through the femoral vein. Open heart surgery is still the preferred treatment for mitral valve regurgitation but this procedure is very important to people who were denied the invasive surgery.

Lymphovenous Bypass WHAT IS LYMPHOVENOUS BYPASS? The lymphatic system is not very well known, but it is vital to the operation of the human body. It works alongside the bloodstream absorbing any leaked fluid from the blood vessels, this is known as lymph. Lymph nodes filter the lymph and put it back into the blood, but if these lymph nodes are damaged or removed the result is lymphedema, which is the swelling of a limb creating pain and immobility. Lymphovenous Bypass is a microsurgical procedure that opens pathways for blocked lymphatic vessels in the lymphatic system.

Pseudoaneurysm A pseudoaneurysm happens when an artery is injured and blood leaks out to form a sac-like bulge. The bulge can break open, causing bleeding in the nearby tissues. CAUSES The most common cause of this condition is a procedure such as an angiogram in which a thin tube (catheter) is inserted into an artery. After an angiogram, the insertion site on the artery should close back up all the way. If it does not, blood may leak out of the artery.

The endothelium is the thin layer of squamous cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, and it is the injury to this which leads to thrombosis. It can be damaged in a number of way, like through surgery or heart disease. Even so, the changes to the vessel wall are the least understood of the three factors of Virchow’s Triad. Section

Name: Horner 's syndrome Overview: The syndrome of Horner is a neuro-ophthalmological that develops after an interruption of nerve fibers nice ranging from the hypothalamus to eye. Possible damage to the central level that causes this syndrome is the lesion, compression or ischemia of the brain stem. Other conditions that determine the Horner syndrome is syringomyelia and some cancers marrow or brain (eg. neuroblastoma). Interruptions devices, however, can result from head and neck trauma, cervical lymphadenopathy, lung tumors Pancoast, aortic dissection or carotid artery and thoracic aortic aneurysm.

Traction could be used for stabilization of the neck and improve neck alignment. If a patient has herniated disc or protruding intervertebral disc, traction can reduce pressure over the nerve root. Studies show that this strategy is not effective for everyone. Heat, ice, or ultrasound is a good combination to use along with traction for herniated disc. Nerve root compression generally happens along with herniated disc.