Essay On Waste Management In Pakistan
Introduction
Waste is easy to define as something that is no longer useful to its owner or something that has been used and fails to achieve its purpose any longer (Gourlay, 1992).
Since the dawn of time, all living organisms have produced solid waste but only now has disposal of solid waste become an issue of importance. This is because of the population boom of the biggest producers of waste in the world; Humans. Humans have always produced waste from animal bones and other solid wastes but most of their waste was organic and could be broken down in nature. However, since the industrial revolution waste production has increased manifold with USA producing a quarter of the world’s total waste production while accounting for only 5% of world’s
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There is no single solution to the challenge of waste management. Due to its complex nature, waste management process is divided in to sub-categories:
• Generation
• Transportation
• Storage
• Treatment
• Disposal
The optimal way to tackle the waste problem is a combination of reduction of waste production at its source and working upwards from there by introducing recycling and at the end of the chain comes incineration and landfills. Solid Waste Management and Pakistan
Pakistan is home to nearly 200 million people, which makes it the 6th largest country in the world. (Factbook). Approximately, 35% of the country’s population lives in urban areas and produces around 55,000 tons of solid waste per day (Muhammad, 2013). FIGURE 1
(Federal Bureau of Statistics, 2010)
As seen from figure 1, it can easily be derived that there is a lack of waste collection facilities in all major urban centres. This could be attributed to the migrations from rural to urban areas. Reasons for migration from rural to urban centres can be attributed
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