Ester Synthesis Lab Report
Industries that utilize ester compounds are the perfume industry and the flavoring industry for the smells that we smell while we wear perfume and eat things, respectively. Also glass industries use polyesters (like polymethyl acrylate, etcetera) to make glass. In the process of synthesizing an ester, it is important to include a strong acid. The concentrated acid in this experiment was sulfuric acid. The sulfuric acid was used to protonate the oxygen on the carboxyl group of benzoic acid. This promoted the addition of the nucleophile (the methanol) to the double bonded carbon to oxygen. After the nucleophile attacks the double bond, a two-proton transfer occurs and water leaves the molecule to form an ester. The benzoic acid and methanol are in equilibrium with the product. This ester product equilibration leaves a lot of starting material unreacted. The equilibrium is why there would be such a low yield of final product. To drive the reaction to the right and to avoid having too much starting material …show more content…
The IR spectrum for methanol seemed to be correct. There was an -OH group at 3320.0 cm^-1. Also, another signal at 1022.5 cm^-1 represented a C-O bond singlet. Benzoic acid was lacking an alcohol stretch at 3300, which is uncommon for its IR spectrum. A reason it could have been lacking its OH was that it might have been deprotonated, as it is a strong acid. There was a lack of an OH peak for methyl benzoate spectrum, which was good because it supports the idea that this IR spectrum was for the desired product. There was a carbonyl peak at 1717.1 for the student outcome of methyl benzoate, which was probably representative of the ester group in the product. Lastly, there were a few peaks from 3064.3-2840.9 that corresponded to the methyl hydrogens and the aromatic hydrogens: they were represented
Fluorenone Lab Report
872 Words | 4 PagesThe other possibility for the unknown neutral, 1,4-dimehtoxybenzone, would have had an H NMR spectra with two peaks; however, the spectra obtained did not show chemical shifts for an aromatic ester group and had many hydrogens in the aromatic
Esters Hydrolysis Rates
852 Words | 4 PagesThe third ester which reacted was ethyl butanoate since it was a bit more sterically hinder than the ethyl acetate because the carbonyl group was connected to a secondary carbon. Both ethyl acetate and ethyl butanoate had electronic factors of being electron donating making the carbonyls less reactive so the order depended more on the steric factor. The slowest ester to react was the ethyl benzoate because of the greater steric hindrance since the carbonyl was connected to a benzene ring which making it hard for the nucleophile to attack. The carbonyl was directly connected to a tertiary carbon, but that was also in a ring. The benzene is an electron
Dna Synthesis Lab Report
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Ester Synthesis Lab Report
452 Words | 2 PagesThe experimental yield for this experiment was 0.704g, and the calculated moles for the product is 0.00541 moles. Furthermore, the limiting reagent was calculated to be acetic acid because the moles calculated for acetic acid is 0.0622 moles and 0.0833 moles for isopentyl alcohol. The percent yield was then calculated to be 8.7 percent because the theoretical yield was calculated to be 8.098g. The appearance of the crude organic ester product was a liquid that looked yellowish. Additionally, the experimental refractive index came to be 1.3978, and the corrected temperature was calculated to be 1.3992.
Acetic Anhydride Synthesis Lab Report
794 Words | 4 PagesThis product was then further isolated using a vacuum filter, which eliminated the excess solution. During the gradual addition of 2.5 mL of acetic anhydride, the solution gained an oil-like layer floating on the surface. Once the mixture was swirled, the solution became cloudy and acquired a light-yellow colour upon the synthetization of the product. The solution was exposed to high temperature, which increased the solvent’s solubility.
Methyl Benzoate Lab Report
1000 Words | 4 PagesMichael Bent Mohamed Mire CHEM 220-12 4/13/2016 Methyl Benzoate Labs The first part of the lab regarded an esterification leading to the formation of Methyl Benzoate (C8H8O2). The purpose of this lab was to convert benzoic acid to methyl benzoate by means of utilizing a reflux acid catalyzed reaction with methanol; purity of the final product was assessed by means of both proton and carbon NMR. The extent to which a reaction’s products are reverted back into the original reactants is denoted by the equilibrium constant. The esterification reaction that's taking place in this lab has a low equilibrium constant (about 2.3) which means that a very low yield of the methyl benzoate product would be generated.
Sequalene Synthesis Lab Report
1502 Words | 7 PagesSqualene undergoes a two-step cyclization to yield lanosterol catalyzed by sequalene mono-oxygenase and sequalene 2, 3 epoxidase enzymes. Sequalene mono oxygenase is the second committed step in cholesterol biosynthesis and lead to the formation squalene 2, 3 epoxide. This enzymatic reaction require supernatant protein factor (SPF) and NADPH as a cofactor to introduce molecular oxygen as an epoxide at the 2, 3 position of squalene. The activity of supernatant protein factor itself is regulated by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation (Singh et al., 2003). Through a series of 19 additiona lreactions, lanosterol is converted to cholesterol.
Callose Synthesis Lab Report
557 Words | 3 PagesIntroduction The purpose of this lab is to see how organisms are related by proteins they evolved to have. This experiment is important because it shows the relationships of organisms and how they evolved. The question to answer is how closely related are organism to each other Background Hox genes (also known as homeotic genes) are a group of related genes that control the body plan of an embryo along the anterior-posterior (head-tail) axis. After the embryonic segments have formed, the Hox proteins determine the type of segment structures (e.g. legs, antennae, and wings in fruit flies or the different types of vertebrae in humans) that will form on a given segment.
Benzoic Acid Synthesis
991 Words | 4 PagesIntroduction Toluene, according to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry system (IUPAC) – methylbenzene, is most commonly used to synthesize benzoic acid. The importance of benzoic acid in modern world is due to its uses: the acid and its salts are used as preservatives in food: benzoic acid is globally known as E210 and sodium benzoate as E211. The benzoic acid and its precursors are also used in pharmacy and hygiene products : the shampoo and shower gel that I am using all contain sodium benzoate. With its increasing production I was curious to explore the synthesis methods for benzoic acid and try it in the laboratory. Interestingly, in the U.S. the production of benzoic acid exceeds over 139 tons per year
Acetaminophenol Synthesis Lab Report
595 Words | 3 PagesAims The aim of this experiment was to synthesis acetaminophen from 4-aminophenol and acetic anhydride. The crude synthesised acetaminophen was then compared to USP grade acetaminophen by some tests. Both of these acetaminophen undergoes infrared spectroscopy, melting point, ultraviolet spectrum, thin layer chromatography and residual free 4-aminophenol testes. Physical properties of ten tablets of 500mg panadol were measured by using vernier callipers and analytical balance.
Cumnox Synthesis Lab Report
884 Words | 4 Pages2. Experimental 2.1. Catalyst preparation The CuMnOx catalyst was prepared by the co-precipitation method, the aqueous solution manganese acetate (Mn(CH3COO)2.4H2O) and copper (II) nitrate (Cu(NO3)2.2.5H2O) were premixed by stirring for 1 hour. After the proper mixing of the copper nitrate and manganese acetate solution, it was added to the aqueous KMnO4 solution by a burette under the stirring conditions.
Motiva Reaction Lab Report
851 Words | 4 PagesBased on our FT-IR spectrogram interpretation, there was strongly indicated that molecular interaction between DFA and L-Proline was a cocrystal
Heme Synthesis Lab Report
753 Words | 4 PagesSynthesis of Hb involved the co-ordinate production of heme & globin. As Hb is composed of 4 subunits i.e. two α & two β globin chain & each of this subunit consist of heme group in the center. Heme- regulates reversible binding of oxygen by Hb.
Synthesis Of Pyrene Lab Report
979 Words | 4 PagesFor each sample, take the absorption spectra to observe at what wavelength the molecule experiences excitation. The sample then needs to be purged with nitrogen for five minutes to ensure that oxygen does not react with the sample. Using the excitation wavelength found from the absorption spectra, the emission spectra can be performed.
Ester Esterification Lab Report
718 Words | 3 Pages• it is a dehydrating agent ( allow the reaction to move forward towards ester formation ) . 2) The usage of dehydrating agents ( as CaCl or MgSo4) to remove excess water molecules trapped in the ester layer . B) Synthesis of ester using acetic anhydride :- 1- Add 2-3 ml of acetic anhydride in a large dry test tube then add 3 drops of concentrated sulphuric acid and mix.
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