Debate rose in the psychological community in 2009 when the original Rorschach plates and research results on interpretation were published in the Rorschach test article on Wikipedia. Hogrefe & Huber Publishing, called the publication “unbelievably reckless and even cynical of Wikipedia” and said it was investigating the possibility of legal action. Psychologists have sometimes declined to reveal tests and test data to courts when asked to do so by the parties citing ethical reasons; it is argued that such refusal may delay full understanding of the process by the attorneys, and delay cross examination of the experts. APA ethical standard 1.23(b) states that the psychologist has a responsibility to document processes in detail and of acceptable value to allow reasonable inquiry by the court. Test takers differ significantly in terms of their experiences and backgrounds. The U.S. Census Bureau reported that 16% of the U.S population was Hispanic in 2010 and that percentage is growing rapidly. Other minority groups, especially those from Asia are also growing. This advance call for test takers and test developers to attend to the demographic features of the people for whom the test was developed. …show more content…
Studies conducted on the Rorschach test provides a good example of this. It appears to be the most popular method in the United States, because it reports many criticisms of doubters. Several studies indicate that scores for fairly normal community samples of Mexicans, Central Americans, and South Americans often differ tremendously from the norms of the Exner’s system for scoring this test. These results increase the question of whether the test can be used ethically with Hispanic adults and children in the United
In chapter thirteen, Hispanic/Latino health issues, Thomas A. LaVeist examine the health status of the Hispanic/Latino population. The Hispanic and Latino group is the largest nonwhite racial and ethnic group in the U.S. The Hispanics and Latinos have overall good health but can have some trouble when it comes to accessing good quality health care. A lot of Hispanics and Latinos are uninsured. With being uninsured, it’s hard to get the proper health care that is needed.
There are sixty-two Caucasian/European American students. Forty-one of these students are African American students. Thirteen of these students are classified as Asian, and twelve of these students are Hispanic American. The other twenty students are half Middle Eastern, and the other ten students are bi-racial or multi-ethnic. Eighty of these sixth grade students are on grade level.
In Malcolm Gladwell’s “None of the Above” he explains that over time the I.Q. of people is constantly changing somewhat based upon their race. People are getting smarter than their ancestors meaning a higher I.Q. Dependent on the person’s race and family locus will have input on what the person's I.Q. will be. Gladwell informs and persuades people that I.Q.’s defines who a person is and puts a stereotype on individuals like Blacks are not as smart as Causation people for example. People understand that over time the brain in humans has developed substantially with evolution. Gladwell makes the audience feel pitiful by mentioning stereotypes that appeal as pathetic.
Why do minority groups score less on standardized tests? At some point in your academic career I am sure you have heard the statement that minority groups score less on standardized tests than other groups. This statement, however, makes a broad generalization that they do worse strictly because of the color of their skin. There is no evidence to prove that minority groups do worse on standardized testing just because they are a minority. When minorities do worse, there are many factors that go into it.
The diversity in the United States continues to grow, increasing the demand of creating more cultural competent programs. Health outcomes are addressed by race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. In research. race and ethnicity are potential predictors for a particular outcome. There is need for more research studies in order to provide an understanding of the different needs among ethnic minority groups.
Test content varies greatly from greatly from nation to nation, and in some cases from test to test. In the U.S. in particular, individual tests differ exceedingly since applicants will be asked ten questions from a list of one hundred by an interviewer and there is no specified process for how the interviewer selects questions. As a result, some individuals may receive harder questions than others. For instance, “Who wrote the Federalist Papers,” one possible question, is much more difficult to answer than “Who is the current President?” The inherent difference between these questions raises concerns among some researchers and test takers.
The exam was formerly constructed in the 1920s to measure "American Inteligence", so that smart white males can be put into recognized institutions such as Harvard. Today the SAT is used in college admissions. Because of the time period,The Authors didn’t take account racial diversity. Not only is the SAT biased to non-white test takers, but also to the
The text states,” But even Dr. Exner, the developer of the comprehensive system, agreed that the test "can be abused unwittingly by the ill-trained person," and he said he was uncomfortable with the use of the test in "adversarial" settings, like custody disputes.” The accuracy of these tests can definitely vary with the experience and training of the doctor who is distributing it, so only a few professionals have mastered being able to score the test properly. This clearly shows that the validity of these tests is questionable at best. Supporters of the Rorschach test say that the test is valid because it can delve into the mind of patient without requiring the patient to give up information they are not comfortable exposing. While this argument has some merit, the patient still has the ability to cheat the test by simply responding with the answers that make them look more mentally stable.
Over the years, the United States has accumulated many diverse immigrants (326,474,000 total). The whites still make up the majority of the population, seventy-seven percent. The latino population has increased twenty-one million since 2000 and makeup seventeen percent. African americans make up thirteen percent of the population (Census 7). There is tension between these ethnic groups because of their differences in physical appearances, cultural practices and spiritual beliefs.
For example, Hispanics are the largest minority group in the nation, “in 2005 the high school dropout rate of Latinos was the highest, followed by those of African Americans and American Indians/Alaska Natives (“Ethnic and Racial Minorities and Socioeconomic Status”). White students had a dropout rate of 2%, 6% for Hispanics in the United States while Hispanics Kansans had a 3.6% dropout rate. This fact corroborates a correlation between Hispanics high school dropout rates, lower college enrollment and the Hispanics low SES that contribute to the low rates of Hispanics educational attainment in the State of Kansas and the United
This growth has led Latinos to become one of the “largest” racial/ ethnic groups in American Higher Education: 55 million strong, as estimated by the U.S. Census Bureau in 2014. Yet, they are one of the least educated and the least represented ethnic groups in educational institutions. However, they are the least studied and represented ethnic groups in educational institutions. The Latino representation in educational institutions are lower compared to other ethnic minorities.
On a blog post called “Dealing with Bias in the SAT” which supports the idea or discovery, a student named Olivia commented, “I am Latina and I think that racial bias in SAT tests is utter nonsense.” (Teaching Tolerance 2010), and posted a link that discussed what the author believed the issue really is. A report conducted by the University of California professor, Mark Wilson concludes, through careful examination and comparison of different tests, that African American students did not do as well as white students because minorities in general have a hard time understanding certain words on the test (Junkscience Mom 2010). Reading this contradictory article raised confusion to me on what the real truth behind the biased claims are. As the student Olivia stated, she thinks that the questions are not biased against any race, which is the other students who stated their opinions on the same websites and her perspective on the idea.
According to the CDC Hispanics of Mexican origin make up approximately 17 percent of the population in the United States. They are the one of the largest cultural populations in U.S. has risen dramatically over last four decades. There are a variety of reason that lead to health disparities for the Hispanic community these reasons then lead to the individuals not obtaining healthcare. First, it was reported by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2012 that 29.1 percent of the Hispanic do not have health insurance. This usually prevents the majority of Hispanic people from receiving health care.
Discuss the methodological and ethical issues which are apparent in this study. How have the findings impacted the psychological field? One methodological issue with the Bain et al refrigerator study is that type of experiment used. Having used a laboratory experiment, all variables were under strict control and this does not reflect the true nature of the situation the children were placed in. Children trapped inside a refrigerator would not escape by pressing a panel on the floor, thus the experiment has features which do not reflect an accurate representation of a real life situation (Bain et al, 1958).
To be a good interrogator it requires more than confidence and creativity although it does help, but interrogators are very well trained in the mental tactics of social impact. An interrogators task is to get someone to confess to a crime, but it is not easy. While it isn’t easy for them, sometimes they will end up with confessions from the innocent testifies because of the expertise in psychological manipulation interrogators have. The interrogation process has been manipulated over the years and they are using unethical approaches to gain information or a confession from suspects. But in the law of confessions, it is required that confessions are not coerced but be voluntary so that it is admitted into evidence.