Ethical Research Definition

9. ETHICS IN NURSING RESEARCH

It can be described as norm that serves goals/aims of research and avoidance of error and this apply to people who conduct scientific research or other scholarly activities.

It is of most importance that one adheres to ethical norms in research because:

I. Norms promote aims of research such as truth, knowledge and avoid error. ii. It promotes values that are essential to collaborative work since research work involve cooperation and coordination of different disciplines and institution. iii. It ensures that researchers are held accountable to the public iv. It helps to build public support for research because people are likely to fund research project they can trust and of good quality.

v. It promotes moral

Participants must be anonymous throughout the study which is a stronger guarantee to privacy.

HOW TO MAINTAIN THE ETHICAL PRINCIPLE DURING NURSING RESEARCH

Ethical principles are rules and guidelines to be followed while conducting research. The nurse can maintain the principles by first of all knowing and understanding the principle which are:

• Principle of Beneficence – means to do good and this can be maintained by do things in client’s favor.

• Principle of Non-maleficence – means to do no harm and this can be maintained by protecting and preventing the client from harm.

• Principle for Respect and human dignity- this respect is maintained when the nurse takes time to explain the procedure to client and seek the consent before carrying out anything, without any form of coercion

• Respect for Autonomy- by giving the client that capacity to think, decide and act on the basis of such thought and decision freely and independently without be cajoled or coaxed

• Confidentiality and Privacy- this means right of secrecy. Client’s information should not be divulge or used for something different from what is meant for

• Principle of Truthfulness- this can be maintained by making sure client knows every detail regard the research and nothing should be hidden or left

Secondary Sources of Evidence: This range from systematic review. Meta analyses and clinical guidelines or protocols. iii. Expert opinion: This concept has given chance for higher quality care that leads to improved patient outcomes because the latest evidence is taken to guide patients care.

STEPS INVOLVED IN EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE

• Ask a question: the need for diagnosis, causes, therapy, prevention, and prognosis from the information are changed into answerable question

• Find information/evidence to answer question: the evidence to answer the question will be track down

• Critically appraise the information/evidence: the evidence is the critically appraised for validity, and applicability.

• Integrate appraised evidence with own clinical expertise and patient’s preferences: the appraised evidence is integrated with clinical expertise and with patient’s unique values, circumstances and biology

• Evaluate: evaluation is done to assess the level of effectiveness and efficiency of all the steps and to get a way to improve the steps next time

Evidence based practice reduces the cost of health care compared with care based on tradition and outdated policies and practices. However, familiarity and implementations of this concept is low due to multiple barriers in health care