Ethical Standards: The Nuremberg Code

I recently finished reading The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lack, a biography about Henrietta Lacks and how human tissue was taken without consent then used for medical research. Henrietta Lacks, was a colored woman, she was the daughter of a tobacco farmer, she came from a very poor, with very little education, she died from uremic poisoning, due to the treatment for cervical cancer October of 1951 at age 31. In January of 1951, Henrietta went to Johns Hopkins Hospital because she found a knot on her womb and was bleeding and had pain in her abdomen. Johns Hopkins is known for being the best research hospital around, but Henrietta did not go because

In the past, innocent people got persecuted by the hands of other individuals because of hatred. These terrible actions started because of the pure hatred, lack of knowledge, and people didn’t fight back. Since, this happened people have lost their lives for example 9/11, Pearl Harbor, and shooting that is going on. “If we learn nothing else from this tragedy, we learn that life is short and there is no time for hate”. Nazi ideology started Propaganda causing discrimination and hate which justified genocide, which led 6.3 millions Jews killed.

In regards to the scenario of the patient Cindy who had an affair while being married, one of the red flags that I noticed was AACC Code 1-143 counseling with family, friends and acquaintances. According to the scenario, Cindy, as well as her family, attend the same church as the counselor, but also know the counselor very well. This was a breach in ethics on the counselor’s part, because in the AACC code, it states in Code 1-143, “Christian counselors do not provide counseling to close family or friends.” (Clinton, Ohlschlager, and Hart; pg. 269). The counselor has already broken the ethics code by giving Cindy counseling advice, which is part of the AACC code 1-145 (pg.269). According to the AACC code 1-410 Maintaining Client Confidentiality (pg.262), the counselor cannot tell Cindy’s husband about the affair. So what the counselor should have done once Cindy walked into the counselor’s office, was tell her she needed to go see a different counselor. The counselor could have explained to Cindy it was against the code of ethics to give her counseling advice, this way Cindy’s feelings would not get hurt. Also, it would have helped the counselor because then they would not have known Cindy’s personal problems, and therefore would not be tempted to share them with her family. However, since the counselor has already broken the ethics code and Cindy has said

The American Red Cross is an independent humanitarian organization whose sole purpose is to assist the community and the world in a time of need. It has been established and helping many people for many years. The American Red Cross is the crisis responder when there is a natural disaster such as a flood, tornado, wildfire, and even the small house fire. The American Red Cross is there to assist the people who have just experienced such a traumatic moment in their lives and help them to get back on their feet.

I believe that many Holocaust survivors felt like justice was not achieved because hatred still exists today and people have not really recognized the same impact that the Holocaust inflicted, among some other reasons. Sadly, jokes are made about the Holocaust and people do not take it seriously. The impact the Holocaust had on the world was extremely profound. It nearly wiped out an the entire population of a race. I believe the reason that people cannot understand the Holocaust's effect on the world is because we are simply told numbers. 6 million Jewish citizens were killed. To put that in perspective, about 6 million people live in El Salvador. More people were killed in the Holocaust than the population of New Zealand, Denmark, or Finland. Another reason is because many of the people following Hitler did not pay a price for their actions.

After watching Nazi generals, one after the other, plead they were only following orders during the Nuremberg trials he took away one main concept; people can, and will blindly follow authority. To test this idea,

I enjoy reading your post; you provided sound knowledge of the ACA and NAADAC Code of Ethics. “The NAADAC Code of Ethics was written to govern the conduct of its member and it is the accepted standard of conduct for addiction professionals certified by the National Certification Commission.” Therefore, it is the responsibility of the addiction professional to safeguard the integrity of the counseling relationship and to ensure that the client is provided with services that are most beneficial. In all areas of function, the addiction professional is likely to encounter individuals who are vulnerable and exploitable. In such relationships he/she seeks to nurture and support the development of a relationship of equals rather than to take unfair

Bioethics research studies are defined as studies that focus on the ethics and philosophical implications in medicine (Dictionary).  The Tuskegee Syphilis Study is a prime example of a bioethical research that was ongoing from 1932 until 1972 at the Tuskegee Institute in Macon, Alabama.  The United States Public Health Services (USPHS) and the Tuskegee Institute were responsible for carrying out the Tuskegee Syphilis Study.  The sole purpose of the study was to monitor the effects syphilis has on the human body when allowed to go untreated.  In the 21st century, an array of ethical, moral, and legal issues are identifiable within how The Tuskegee Study was conducted.

situations that are way more important. On the other hand, if this situation is left undone, people

The Nuremberg Trials were held in Nuremberg, Germany between 1945 and 1949. The trials were held in Nuremberg because its Palace of Justice was undamaged by the end of the war. It was also used for its large prison area. The cause of these trials was the Holocaust, where many Jewish Germans were killed by the Nazis under the rule of a man named Adolf Hitler. The purpose of these trials were to bring Nazi War criminals to justice. The International Military Tribunal was representing 23 nations and they put the Nazi War criminals on trial. Before the trials even began, Hitler had committed suicide leaving his partner in crime, Goering, to face the charges, but he too had also committed suicide. During these trials, 22 of the Nazi War leaders were charged with waging of war of aggression, the “crimes against humanity”, mass murder of 11 million people. People who were executed were also burned at the concentration camp, Dachau, where many of their victims lives were taken. On the 21st of November, the trials began. To begin the trials, Robert H. Jackson, the U.S. chief of counsel, opened with a speech. In this speech, he stated…

Have you ever wondered why holocaust war criminals were imprisoned? Many holocaust war criminals would will be remembered for the acts they committed, the reasons behind their crimes and the consequences they faced.

When reading the IAMFC Code of Ethics and AAMFT Code of Ethics I found that they compare significantly, much more than they contrast. Many of the principals coincide. For example, the topic of multiple relationships is one of the many principles that parallel in many codes of ethics. The IAMFC Code of Ethics encourages family counselors to “avoid whenever possible multiple relationships, such as business, social, or sexual contacts with any current clients or family members” (Section A). Similarly, the AAMFT Code of Ethics also requires that therapists “make every effort to avoid conditions and multiple relationships with clients that could impair professional judgment or increase the risk of exploitation. Such relationships include, but

The Nazis were infamous for their cruel and unusual experiments on humans.The Nazi doctors did human experimentations which were series of medical experiments on a large numbers of prisoners, including children. These experiments took place in the concentration camps in the early 1940s, during World War II.After the war, these crimes were tried at what became known as the Nazi Doctor Trials, and the revulsion at the abuses perpetrated led to the development of the Nuremberg Code. Before the Nuremberg Code, Nazi doctors abused their power as a doctor, of a method of advancing medical and health knowledge by performing several crimes against humanity and as a result, there where many deaths.

Planning is transforming socially, but to achieve change it has to bring together, politicians, planners, and residents (Sandercock, 2004). Citizen’s opinions and rights should be taken into consideration. It is the number one rule in the planning process for participants. It says, “recognize the rights of citizens to participate in planning decisions” (Ethical, n.d.). Cities cannot progress unless they change their ways of doing things. To find out how a city is actually doing it has to see itself from an outside prospective. They will most of the time see that what they though was normal is actually something they grew accustomed to. A way that can lead to planners being progressive is to use a therapeutic approach. This approach involves “the “whole person” to be present in negotiations and deliberations, but being prepared to acknowledge and deal with the powerful emotions that underpin many planning issues” (Sandercock, 2004).

The Nuremberg Trials began three years later after the most relevant Nazi authorities were convicted of war crimes for four judges, who took legal decisions that previewed sterilization policies and ethnic cleansing in Hitler 's Germany. Judgement at Nuremberg, based on the real Case Katzenberger, is a demonstration of the efforts of a judge at the tribunal to determine how the defendants, and even also the German themselves, could have been involved in the Holocaust’s atrocities. Judgment at Nuremberg is a representation of the first trial, that is mainly based on justice principles and international law, of the country leaders that pursued threatening battles and were involved in crimes against humanity. This film is an overview of real events that highlights the conflict between morality enclosing both the behaviour of the defendants and the process of providing them with justice (Teach With Movies, 2015). These processes offered the opportunity of enhancing the debate between positivism and natural law, highlighting that the position taken would have significant consequences