The term takes brooder meaning of geopolitics which is evolving over time. Nevertheless, in today’s, after globalization mutually dependent and interrelated traditional geopolitics provides only a partial picture of international relations including new issues such as environmental policies, health, education and diplomacy which influences contemporary geopolitics and need to be taken into account. Geopolitics captured a multidimensional such as traditional and new dimensions power relationship. Terrorism, piracy, human trafficking and the famine affect most part of Somalia which is the symptom of the wider instability that has plagued the country since 1991. Since the end of cold war the Western powers have been opposing for regional influence.
Elections in Kenya from 1992 to 2013 have shown how determined the political class is to cling to power not minding the cost implication to the political system . Ethnic clashes are thus a product of manipulation from both sides of the political divide in order to settle scores of old hatred and rivalries. The reality of the situation system reveals that the mobilization of ethnic identities has brought negative forms of ethnicity to the forefront, to the extent that virtually everything came to be defined in terms of ‘we’ versus ‘them’ or the disruptive power of competing ethnicities
Indeed, the more the society is divided along ethnic lines the more vulnerable to ethnic mobilizations and ethnic conflict. The SNNPRS is an inter-ethnic conflict prone region of Ethiopia due to its multiethnic nature. As different research works indicated, the multi-ethnic regions of Ethiopia are more susceptible to inter-ethnic conflicts. Among the multi-ethnic areas of the region, SAPZ is one of the second most multiethnic Zone having eight major
After the part of the passage that explains both the Europeans and Igbo people are to blame for colonization, Obierika states, “Now he has won our brothers and our clan can no longer act like one. He has put a knife on the things that held us together and we have fallen apart (Achebe 176).” This is the only reference of the title throughout the entire book, and is used to represent the book as a whole because it shows that nothing goes as planned throughout Okonkwo’s life as well as the overall existence of the Igbo culture and society. In relation to the surrounding plot of this quote, Achebe uses the word ‘knife’ as a symbolic representation of the European colonization. The ‘knife’ has cause great amounts of damage to Umuofia that is beyond repair. The European have broken the Igbo society into two.
Clannishness is a major factor in Somalia’s political system, their culture and everyday life. To understand Somali politics, one must also understand how clanship operates in Somali’s society. After colonisation, it was attempted to be eradicated by Somali nationalists. Additionally, it was one of the key factors in the lead up to the Somali Civil War which broke out in 1991.Clannishness can be defined as a means ‘used to describe members of a group of people or society who are friendly to each other, but not to people outside the group’. However, in Somalia, clanship is hierarchical and has caused conflict and violence.
A number of independent kingdoms, each rising and falling and existing independently, were forcibly grouped together by the British to facilitate their exit, under the guise of granting Africa Independence, and to create geographical entities comprehensible to Western systems of governance. These independent kingdoms now comprise most African nations today. Nigeria is made up of about twelve different tribes / empires, but the chief among them concerning the history of independent Nigeria are the Hausa, the Fulani, and the Igbo people. The conflict between the Muslim peoples of Nigeria, the Hausa and the Fulani, and the Igbo people caused a civil war. The bloodshed that has littered the history of African nations throughout their independent existences has often been considered a direct consequence of the forcible and careless unification of tribes into nations without any understanding of the politics that govern their relationships.
On October 1, 1990, RPF (Rwandan Patriotic Front) invaded Rwanda for their "democracy, good governance and the right of refugees displaces from earlier violence to return to Rwanda." This was said to have started the Rwandan Civil War, where they had help from the Ugandan government who demanded to share power. The Rwandan Society was characterized by ethnic and political tensions that were shared throughout the entire population. The ecosystem that they lived in was a root cause for the political system. The areas where agriculture was sustainable, were all occupied by Hutu Kingdoms and it wasn't accepted for them.
The social division of the population was interpreted by Europeans as being based on racial differences between Hutu and Tutsi, thus introducing fundamental discord between the two that had never existed before. The Belgian regime emphasized the excellence of the so called Tutsi race even more than their German predecessors and took them into service in order to oppress the Hutu. The Concept of Colonizers and Missionaries of Hutu and Tutsi Identity the missionaries who have been active in Rwanda, the Roman Catholics White Fathers from 1900 and the Protestants from 1907 onwards, have followed the concepts of race developed by Western social sciences in the course of the nineteenth century. With reference to a famous study by Edith Sanders, it be may state that the word ‘race’ was a favorite term in the language of the enlightenment. The presupposition was that the European race was to be considered superior to the rest of humankind.
Darfur is geographically situated in the westernmost province of Sudan (North). The region has been rocked by constant civil wars that generated feelings of hatred between different ethnic groups in the region and frequent crisis, which was humanitarian in most cases that attracted the international and regional organizations concern since 2003. The Darfur region was an arena of violent clashes between African tribes namely Fur, Mazalit, and Zaghwa and Arabian tribes. This unmediated and unsolved conflicts turned into one of the worst humanitarian crisis in the world. The conflict in Darfur has old and deep roots and it’is only the latest manifestation of a recurring problem.
Introduction West Africa is an United Nations subregion that includes eighteen states located in the westernmost part of the African continent. Up to the end of World War II, the region was under the colonialist influence of Europe, specifically France, and the newfound independence left many states suffering from severe political instability, leaving the doors open for a series of brutal conflicts such as the Nigerian civil war, two Liberian civil wars, or the Sierra Leone civil war. Extreme levels of poverty and interests, both local and foreign, in resources of the region (such as the globally renowned Sierra Leone diamond mines) are all factors that contributed to the violence that has raged across the region in the last decades. The constant