One is the based on Marx and the other is based on Weber. According to Marx’s model, there are two broad classes of capitalists and workers. Erik Wright, a sociologist though explains that there are some people who do not fall in either of the two categories. For example, even though supervisors, executives etc fall under the workers’ category, they more accurately resemble to the capitalists. Thus, Wright stated that people can belong to more than a single category.
Class can be categorized according to an individual’s occupational status or according to the economic status off an individual. The Marxist perspective of class classified class according to control and ownership of h factors of production and the provision of
The similarities between generations allow for immigrants to create a unified identity as a culture while residing in a different nation. Both a mother and daughter’s identities are reliant on one another, and strengthening this bond through shared memories allows for a mother or daughter to establish a relatable and strong set of racial values. An immigrant faces many obstacles when coming to a new country. Oftentimes, an immigrant struggles to establish an identity, as they feel they are caught in the middle of two cultures- one of their new home and ancestors, and one of their retrospective abode. In order to resolve this matter, one must bolster their sense of self as a person of a racial minority.
Unlike race, ethnicity is a way for us to comprehend individuals in the out-group. Ethnicity is more specified in order to understand the differences between groups, thereby increasing our group comprehension of other’s differences. There are many facets to ethnicity that is included and discussed in Joane Nagel’s Constructing Ethnicity: Creating and Recreating Ethnic Identity and Culture. In this piece, Nagel discusses the concept of ethnicity, stating “ethnicity is constructed out of the material of language, religion, culture, appearance, ancestry, or regionality” (152-153). This exemplifies Nagel’s overarching idea: ethnicity is fluid; it is able to change among different circumstances for the individual and for the group, usually in order for the individual or group to benefit in those specific situations.
The word tribalism when mentioned has the connotation of a bad thing. Therefore for purposes of showing the pros or advantages of tribalism the word ethnicity is used. The U.S.A, are a brutal reminder that ethnicity cannot simply be explained away, neither with modernization theories about stubborn but dying relies of pre-modem mentalities nor neo-Marxist concepts of ‘false consciousness’. Self-identification The proof can be drawn from developmental and social identity theories of Erikson (1968), Marcia (1980) and Tajfel (1981), which are underpinned by the belief that ethnic identity is a general phenomenon with elements or components that are common across all ethnic group members. According to Tajfel (1979), groups which people belonged to were an important source of pride and self-esteem.
Some ethnic groups also share linguistic or religious traits, while others share a common group origin but not a common language or religion. Ethnicity is about the learned cultural behaviors celebrated throughout regions around the world. Ethnicity can be transformed or mirrored through decisions and beliefs. Race and ethnicity play an essential role in our lives, informing how we view ourselves and the world. Your race is determined by how you look while your ethnicity is based on the social and cultural groups you belong to.
The class system in the United States is broken up into six levels: the capitalists, the upper class, upper middle class, working class, lower working class, and underclass. The Capitalists are usually investors or top executive, the upper middle class is usually professionals and upper level managers, the lower middle class is semiprofessionals, foremen, and craftspeople, the working class is factory works, clerical works, and retail, the working poor is laborers, service works, low-paid salespeople, and the underclass is unemployed, part-time, or on welfare (Larkin, 2015, para). This system of stratification is the most open and allows for the most social
Karl Marx’s class theory lies upon the premise that "the history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles." He meant by this that ever since the inception of modern human society, people have been always divided into classes which are in conflict with each other due to class interests. An argument against class interests is that they are not given ab initio, they arise out of exposure of people occupying different social positions in varying social contexts. Karl Marx and Engels divided the masses into three broad classes, the proletariats, the petty bourgeoisie and the bourgeoisie. The proletariats are the wage earners or the labour class, in a capitalist society the proletarians don’t have much wealth, and their main asset is their labour power.
Social classes are a form of social stratification that refers to the existence of structured inequalities between individuals and groups in society. A social class is a group of people of comparable status, power and wealth which are usually classified as upper class, middle class, and lower class. For each class, there are some specific opportunities available that influence their social life. We can understand about the particularity of the chances through unequal distribution of these opportunities between individuals in social classes. In here belonging to a social class seems to be an obstacle for some individuals to obtain equal opportunity, unlike upper class people.
Race, nationality and ethnicity Race and ethnicity are seen as form of an individual’s cultural identity. Researchers have linked the concept of “race” to the discourses of social Darwinism that in essence is a categorization of “types” of people, grouping them by biological and physical characteristics, most common one being skin pigmentation. Grouping people based on their physical traits has lead in time to the phenomenon of “racialization” (or race formation), as people began to see race as more of a social construct and not a result or a category of biology. Race cannot exist outside of representation, and that it is formed in the conscience of individuals after either a social process (the status of certain people within a society) or by factors such as political power (what laws are imposed on what people) and only then are observable characteristics of an individual transformed into race signifiers. If racialization compartmentalizes people based on a wide range of characteristics, ethnicity takes the concept of categorization to a more precise and static level.