The Critical Ways in Which Ethnocentrism, Stereotyping, Prejudice, And Discrimination Act As Barriers to Effective Intercultural Communication
Ethnocentrism refers to the belief of considering one 's culture as better than the culture of another ethnic group.
Stereotyping refers to the various assumptions created by people concerning the characteristics of members of a particular cultural group.
Prejudice refers to the judgment made by individuals over past experiences rather than an evaluation of present circumstances.
Discrimination alludes to the unjust treatment of persons in light of their particular qualities, for example, age, sexual orientation, race, disability, and religion. Miscommunication In most cases, barriers to effective intercultural
…show more content…
Majority Identity Development Model
• PRE-EXPOSURE STAGE— little reflection is given to multicultural issues or one 's role as a majority group member in a racist and unfair society.
• EXPOSURE STAGE— the individuals are confronted with the realities of prejudice and racism. They are forced to examine their roles as majority group members.
• ZEALOT-DEFENSIVE STAGE— in becoming a zealot, the person reacts to his or her own majority culture 's collective guilt. It has a tendency to be other-centered on than self-centered. In getting to be distinctly defensive, the individual either endeavors to have contact with larger part culture people, or he or she tries to shield majority part culture values by indicating out the majority of the "concessions" made by way of life of minority societies.
• INTEGRATION STAGE— the excessively stable sentiments of the Zealot-Defensive Stage subside, and a more balanced view takes its place. Instead, a deeper appreciation of one 's culture allows one to have a secure, self-confident identity, allowing for appreciation of other cultures. One can accept differences both intellectually and emotionally.
Benefits of Interpersonal Intercultural
…show more content…
For instance, white Americans offer to encourage or become more acquainted with nonwhites regularly met with doubt and outrage. A comparable response can be seen among individuals from the gay and lesbian group who are drawn nearer by heterosexuals wanting to help with propelling the rights of gays, lesbians, and bisexuals. Understanding the chronicled legacy of a particular minority in this nation and being persistent are two methodologies that will help alleviate the perplexity (Lustig &
In such an environment, it becomes easier for people to identify themselves and easily resolve issues affecting them using strategies that are better suitable for them. Ethnorace also proves to be effective because it allows all members of society to start learning more about the other different types of ethnicities that exist in societies around the world, from those that are different that theirs and even from their own. In doing so, they will not only start to appreciate the different cultures that exist, but also learn about their own biases against others and explore their own views about others, and how they can change any of their own behaviors, attitudes or beliefs that may be harmful or disrespectful towards others. Therefore, the theory of ethnorace also proves to be a learning opportunity for all members of
Throughout the history of the United States, prejudice has always been creeping around the dark corners at night, and even during the day time at the local grocery store. Prejudice is a negative attitude toward members of a group. This is heavily ingrained into our society. In fact, within the article from The New York Times, How Kids Learn Prejudice, by Katherine D. Kinzler, depicts how children soak up any information given to them, especially from parents. Prejudice leaves America wondering how can we improve our own humanity, involving how to decrease the level of prejudice that wanders around our cities and towns.
Discrimination is a tactic people use to show dominance over a group of people they find inferior. Discrimination invokes fear and distrust in the people it is inflicted on. During World War II, discrimination was the driving force of the fighting. While Hitler was in power, he instilled antisemitic ideas into the mind of his people. This led to the majority of the Jewish population of Europe being put in concentration camps, to be tortured, and or killed.
Institutional racism is unfair practice based on race, discrimination done by Government bodies, corporation, media outlets and schools. This type of racism Favor one ethnicity over another, example of that kind of prejudice can be found all over the Americas, here in Canada there’s been many instances of institutionalize racism, different government services has been set to fail aboriginal and other people of color in Canada since the founding of this nation. There’s various types of racism, we can experience by an institution such as: Face to face encounter, internalized and institutionalized when it widely spread among the personnel. When an ethnicity is stigmatized, they are subject to be alienated.
In this paper, we will discuss different forms of discrimination and prejudices and how they affect our society and our way of life. Discrimination is the practice of unfairly treating a person or group of people differently from other groups of people. On the other hand, prejudice
Throughout American history, minorities aimed to prove to white Americans that they were deserving of the American dream the Constitution promised. Today, American minorities still feel the struggle of following American norms and preserving their inner identity. A major issue the United States has been facing since its existence is the alienation of their minorities. This country is praised as a melting pot where different people unite to create the American lifestyle. Americans take pride of the various subcultures that transform into the diverse American culture.
There are many concepts that underpin discrimination and many theories to draw from this paper will detail and explore the definitions, concepts, and theories such as Stereotyping, Social Identity Theory, and Conflict Theory which are all to the fore in prejudice and discrimination. It will seek to examine current research and suggest strategies based on best practice and evidence to combat discrimination and prejudice within organisations to allow for a healthy productive workforce. Prejudice is an unjustified or incorrect negative attitude in the direction of an individual based exclusively on the individual’s affiliation with a social group, a prejudiced person might not act on their attitude.
Minorities have made significant strides towards equality in American society. In America the minority groups are being stereotype due to their ethnicity. The media has had a significant impact in passing the stereotypes to the work that have convey negative impressions about certain ethnic groups. Minorities have been the victim of an industry that relies on old ideas to appeal to the "majority" at the expense of a minority group ideals (Horton, Price, and Brown 1999). Stereotypes have been portraying negative characteristics of ethnic group in general.
There is American Indian or Alaska Native. Black or African American. Asian, such as Japanese, Korean, Chinese, and of course, Vietnamese. Discrimination is widely known in these areas of the world. Discrimination is the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.
Discrimination is a social view used to categorize the differences among different population groups based on perception. People can become a victim of prejudice attacks based on their ethnicity, race, and gender. Racism is the common form of discrimination, where certain groups within a target population are devalued. Minority groups are the victim of racism, where they are seen to have inferior social status based on one’s beliefs. Because of racism, people of color and people living in underserved communities do not receive quality resources and fair rights.
Today, we are living in a very complex social environment. In today’s society, people are stereotyped in many different ways depending which category an individual is located in. Haven’t you been stereotyped at some point in your life? Or you may have stereotyped someone without even noticing it. Stereotyping is actually more serious than we thought and it is becoming a major problem in our society today.
Ethnocentrism is a silent problem which many people are not aware of. Some scholars have defined ethnocentrism as “the making of judgements” based on criteria of one’s cultural groups. It is characterized by applying those criteria in judging other behaviors and belief of people who may be from the different cultural backgrounds. Bennett, a founding director and CEO of the Intercultural Development Research Institute (IDR Institute), has defined ethnocentrism as “assuming that the worldview of one’s own culture is central to all reality”. He also suggested that people who has ethnocentric mindset tend to use their own worldview to interpret other’s behavior and that the idea of a “universal truth” is usually based on one’s own value.
Introduction It was difficult to make the decision to be public about having a severe psychiatric illness, but privacy and reticence can kill. The problem with mental illness is that so many who have it especially those in a position to change public attitudes, such as doctors, lawyers, politicians, and military officers are reluctant to risk talking about mental illness, or seeking help for it. They are understandably frightened about professional and personal reprisals. Stigma is of Greek word of the same spelling meaning "mark, puncture," came into English through Latin Stigma is it is commonly used today to describe the negative feelings and stereotypical thoughts, and attitudes about people based on the traits of a person, which can
Discrimination is an action or a decision that treats a man or a social affair gravely for reasons, for instance, their race, age or debilitate. It includes so many things like race/ethnicity, age, color, region, sex, employment and culture. Language is one of the discrimination types which I am going to describe. It is very important part of every culture, religion or country. It is a way of communication through which we all share our feelings to each other.
Stereotyping is a way of categorizing certain groups of people or types of individuals with regards to gender, race, culture, religion etc. Stereotyping arises from prior assumptions due to influences by the media, history and personal experience. The statement: “To gain an understanding of the world we need to make use of stereotypes,” appears that stereotyping is required in order to really understand the world, and knowledge issues can be drawn from this statement: Does stereotyping prevent us from knowing someone truly and how are stereotypes created in the first place? One way to examine and discuss the knowledge issues is to look at different areas of knowledge, which in our case will be History and Human Science.