John Locke, one of the most influential philosophers during the Enlightenment, based his governance in social contract theory. He believed that humans are rational and should follow natural law. He believed that all men are born equally with the right of life, liberty, and property. His theory of natural right has influenced many political documents including the United States Declaration of
Warren Hastings, the first Governor General of India, had set the tone of British administration in India. He was a colonialist, conqueror and an administrator; but unlike past conquerors, Hastings belonged to an intellectually vivacious generation. He and some of his colleagues like William Jones and Nathaniel Halhed were part of the British Enlightenment led by men like Samuel Johnson (whom Hastings knew intimately), Benjamin Franklin, Adam Smith, David Hume and others. The ideas of this period of 18th century Britain, the advent of scientific thought, the challenge to religious dogma and the celebration of reason above faith would change not just Europe but ultimately the entire world. It was these men of the British Enlightenment who first came to rule India.
“Wherever law ends, tyranny begins.” This quote comes from a famous Enlightenment thinker called John Locke. John Locke was an English philosopher and a physician. The Enlightenment was a political and philosophical movement, which dominated the world of ideas in Europe during the 18th century. The Enlightenment influenced the French Revolution and its aims because it brought in the new concept of the republic, and the people liked the republic more than the monarchy since it was fairer. How successful was the French Revolution?
In 1759 Smith published his book The Theory of Moral Sentiments. The main content of this book was that human morality depends on sympathy between individuals and other members in society. Smith’s ideas have even been kept in modern society and his ideas are a reflection on economics. He stated that free market economies are the most productive and beneficial markets to the society. Edmond Burke Edmund Burke was born on 12 January 1729 and served in the British Parliament from 1774-1794.
Eugenics could make the human race more tough in terms of surviving epidemics or apocalyptic conditions which could wipe us off the face of the Earth as it is an attempt to improve the human gene pool .It could get rid of genetic diseases(from common ones like type 1 diabetes to severe ones like cystic fibrosis) which cause grief to family members, reduce quality of life and costs a lot of maintain life or treat, furthermore it could greatly increase our lifespan which is all good individually but it may have consequences as a species since competition for already scarce resources may increase if the birth rate is not controlled (is that ethical as well? ), overpopulation could cause a greater anthropogenic pollution of the Earth leading to our doom which started off as a way to improve our lifestyle could lead to more industry to support the higher population leading to larger ozone holes more melting of polar icecaps and higher rising of sea levels and more cases of skin cancer. We would be playing god, altering a sort of natural cycle which regulates the population or cause a frenzy where everyone wants perfection where there could be discrimination where people can’t afford or are in no situation to receive the advantages of eugenics. In this case we should make eugenics widely and cheaply available but a question arises whether that is practically possible. Therefore eugenics also touches on other controversial topics like IVF, PID an
He won the Nobel Prize in 1904 for the study in digestive processes. His theory paved the way for most of the advancements in the field of Learning. It was his initiative that let other thinkers and philosophers to make contributions in the similar fashion. He classified the various aspects of Learning and sub categorized them in order to set the right context for the world to start off with the process of Learning. He divided it as follows-: 1- Unconditioned Stimulus- It is that stimulus that without condition naturally triggers and initiates response.
Social Darwinism started in Britain in 1870. Social Darwinism is basically a collection of theories that promotes the idea that that humans compete for existence and those that are more “fit” survive life. They based their theories on Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution. Some Darwinists believed that the government shouldn’t change human nature by regulating economy or attempting to solve social problems. They promoted competition because they believed that some people, nations, or races were better fit to survive.
However, the views concerning genet-ically modified food are mixed. Many people, including scientists, are worried about creating genetically modified humans. They are worried about numerous things like genetic mistakes be-ing passed on to the next generation; the creation of designer babies who are more intelligent, more beautiful or more athletic; and the possibility of causing severe growth abnormalities or cancer. In my opinion, the advantages of genetically modified organisms versus the cons are overwhelming. Although some believe genetically modified foods have a negative impact on consumers’ health, others believe that there is minimal difference and that it does not mat-ter.
Huthmacher states, “Their outlook tended to be more practical and "possibilistic" than that of some middle-class Progressives who allowed their reform aspirations to soar to Utopian heights, envisaging a "Kingdom of God on Earth" or a perfect society to be achieved by means of sociological test tubes”(Huthmacher12). People wanted to do everything they could possibly do to make the middle class perfect. They wanted this to be the best class that would benefit to everyone the best. Huthmacher thinks our whole conception of the Progressive Era may change because political
On Darwin’s theories and works Abstract: Charles Darwin was one of the most influential people in science of 19th century, and took up a very important place in history of science. His theory of evolution has become one of the core ideas of modern biology. This paper discusses Darwin’s theory of evolution and his main works, as well as Darwinism’s influence on Christian theology, modern science and society. Keywords: Darwin; theory of evolution; natural selection; Christian theology; Darwinism; Social Darwinism 1. Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution and natural selection Refer to theory of evolution, people think of Charles Darwin immediately.