This diagram identifies the eukaryotic cell is more evolved than the prokaryotic cells and has a more complicated structure. Eukaryotic cells are what makeup animals and plants. Unlike the prokaryotic cells most eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus surrounded by nucleoplasm within its own membrane and the eukaryotic cell contains many more types of organelles than the prokaryotic cell. The nucleus contains the DNA of the cell and coordinates the cells functions that include growth, reproduction, metabolism and protein synthesis. On the edge of the nucleus are nuclear pores, this allows the nucleus to communicate with the rest of the cell, found within the nucleus is the nucleolus a dense structure of a crystalline protein and nucleic acid used
1. Nucleus- present only in eukaryotic cells, this structure stores most of the genetic information of the cell. The nucleus directs the production of proteins through the synthesis of mRNA. 2.
Unlike archaea and bacteria eukarya is the type of cell with a nucleus.
Kylinn Walston RADT 3143 Chapter 1: Cellular Biology 1-1. Explain how the structure of the plasma membrane influences the movement of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and sodium ions. a. The plasma membrane is extremely important because of its multi-functionality to each cell, it is what keeps the cell complete. The membrane structure is determined by the lipid bilayer, and proteins determine the membrane functions. The membrane has a lipid bilayer containing hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions. This bilayer blocks hydrophilic substances from passing while still allowing water diffusion.
Cells can be quite fascinating, especially when one focuses on the similarities and differences of plants and animal cells, the structure and function of the cell membrane, the process of diffusion and osmosis, hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions, adenosine triphosphate, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration. Both plants and animal cells have a range of similarities and differences. Animal cells and plant cells fall into the type of cell category called eukaryotic cells. Both animal and plant cells have some similar organelles such as, the plasma membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes and Golgi apparatus. Although they have a wide variety of similarities, they also have their differences.
The nucleus is generally in the center of a cell. A typical cell nucleus is so small that ten thousand could fit on the tip of a needle. One strand of DNA is around 6 feet long. This mean that 6 feet of DNA fits inside the nucleus, which occupies about 10% of a total cell (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_nucleus), of a microscopic cell. For this to happen eight separate histone protein subunits attach to the DNA molecule to
Prokaryotes are much simpler in their organization than are eukaryotes. There are a great many more organelles in eukaryotes, also more chromosomes. The usual method of prokaryote cell division is termed binary fission (The method by which bacteria reproduce. The circular DNA molecule is replicated; then the cell splits into two identical cells, each containing an exact copy of the original cell's DNA.). The
The three major parts of the cell are the cell membrane, the nucleus, and the cytoplasm. The cell membrane functions as a selective semipermeable membrane and separates the cell from its external environment and from the neighboring cells. It also regulates the passage or transport of certain molecules into and out of the cell, and prevents the passage of others. The nucleus can be defined as the most important organ organelle within the cell. Its functions are to control cellular activities and to facilitate cell division.
Nucleus- the swirled light blue ball in the center of my model: The Nucleus is a double-membrane bound cell organelle present in eukaryotic cells. The nucleus contains the genetic material of the cell - the DNA. DNA contains the information required to build cellular proteins.
The more that is known about DNA and RNA the better we understand on how it reacts, replicates, and produces proteins in varying environments. With the information that have today we have a rather sufficient grasp on how DNA replicates itself, how DNA produces RNA and vice versa, how RNA replicates itself, and how RNA makes the final product of proteins. Here, we will specifically look at how DNA transcribes into RNA within bacteria and eukaryotes. The main differences between the two transcription process is eukaryotes have a nucleus where the RNA is transcribed and processed while bacteria do not have a nucleus so the RNA is transcribed in the cytoplasm and the RNA is not processed after transcription. They are similar in the fact
All eukaryotic cells are membrane-bound, containing cell organelles which are there for specific functions. The main two types of eukaryotic cell are animal and plant cells, which have some similar but some different cell organelles as they are needed for a range of different functions. They both share the organelles, the nucleus, plasma membrane, nucleolus, endoplasmic reticulum (rough and smooth), golgi body, lysosomes, mitochondria, ribosomes and cytoplasm. However plant eukaryotic cells contain chloroplasts and have a cell wall which animal cells don’t.
By taking Cell Biology, it not only will provide me with a base level understanding of the foundation of life, but it will also teach me how to further analyze that information and project it into more complex concepts in my world. My major career goal is to be a physician, but before I can accomplish that I have to go to med school, and, without the core fundamentals of life that is taught in Cell Biology, I would have a hard time fully grasping the “why” and “how” of further and more complex processes and concepts that I will have to learn. When it comes to Science courses, my strengths include being detailed oriented, being well organized with assignments and notes, having a photographic memory that easily recalls information once studied, and putting in a great amount of effort because I have a true love for science. However, I am not perfect and I have weaknesses well, which include not always asking for help when I need it, getting hard on myself for not doing well/understanding a certain concept, and waiting for the last couple of days before a test to study. When preparing/studying for an exam, I have a routine that I typically follow.
Chromosomes are more compact in eukaryotes and are held together as a structure called nucleosomes, this consists of DNA being wrapped around histones. There are exceptions of prokaryotes that still contain histones that also help with the formation of nucleosomes e.g some
There is no nucleus in prokaryotic cells, the DNA just floats around, but in eukaryotic cells the DNA is located in the nucleus. In eukaryotes the mitochondria is a digestive system where cellular respiration or ATP synthesis occurs. But in prokaryotic cells, other membranes function in ATP synthesis. In eukaryotes, chloroplasts convert light energy into sugars, but in prokaryotic cells, other membranes/cytosolic molecules absorb light and do photosynthesis.
The DNA of eukaryotic cells are more complex and extensive. The organelle of eukaryotic allow them to
Eukaryotic cells contain a number of organelles that are essential for cell function. Peroxisomes are extremely important function and in multicellular organisms like humans, defects in the peroxisomes can lead to severe disorders like Zellweger syndrome which emphasizes their importance for the functions of both the cells and the organisms (Faust et al., 2014). In mammals, specifically humans, peroxisomes are responsible for a variety of functions, that essential for the functioning of organs, tissues and systems, like fatty acid beta-oxidation and amino acid catabolism (Wander & Waterham, 2006). First of all, peroxisomes are responsible for fatty acid beta-oxidation. Beta-oxidation is the metabolic process in which fatty acids are converted to acetyl-CoA, acyl-CoA, and NADH (Schulz, 1991).