The Study of European Fireflies
Firefly mating has been studied in detail. Male fireflies are nocturnal insects that can detect a receptive female, locate her, court, and mate (De Cock, 2004). The males rely on their visual system to respond to photic signals based on timing; these signals are species specific (2004). When the number of males flying and flashing around is plentiful, there becomes an increase in likeness to court the same female. This is flash competition, and the males are rival males (Ohba, 2004).
A few days after mating, a female will lay her fertilized eggs on or just below the surface of the ground (Buck, 1948). The larvae undergo four to five molts and usually take from a few months to two years to reach pupation.
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Seven professors from four universities and one department of health contributed to the discussion and analysis of the study. The study grouped fireflies into six types of communication systems. The communications systems correlated with their morphology and behavior. Based upon the findings, European fireflies’ communication system differs due to geographical and seasonal distribution.
De Cock and associates (2004) examined the spectral characteristics of the larvae of three Belgian species of fireflies. The study focused on the importance of light emittance, which is used for courtship signals. The bioluminescence shows sexual dimorphism, place of activity, and the discrimination of conspecific signals. Based upon the findings, females display a more exact method of bioluminescence than the males. In addition, the larval and adult females displayed the same range of
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The study focuses on the effects or outcome of the study, rather than intertwining the research inquiry with politics or having a philosophical approach. It will be more of a traditional form of research, which is intended to reduce the ideas into a small, discrete set to test, such as the variables that comprise hypotheses and research questions. Postpositivist worldview is sometimes called the scientific method and is usually best suited with quantitative research than qualitative.
Research Design. Quantitative analysis is the best research design or strategies of inquiry for this study. It is based on an experimental design. This experiment would fall into the non-experimental form of research known as the correlational design. Correlational design is when researchers use the correlational statistic to describe and measure the degree or association between two or more variables (Creswell, 2012). The study of the competitive exclusion theory will be based on statistical analysis rather than using equipment. The results will determine if fireflies are able to coexist in the same environment or if one species will dominate over
In this experiement, there were two behaviors kinesis, and taxis, our pillbugs showed taxis behavior in all four types of environments. Introduction: Ethology is the
Just like the tiny sowbug the small one spent most of its time in the light area. The small sowbug was less concerned about being in the dark. Discussion- My hypothesis was not completely supported by the data.
In the second experiment our hypothesis stated that when the number of males placed in a dish are increased with a (sustained) amount of one female beetle, the time span of the mating process will decrease because the female will have of an option. This hypothesis was not supported because with the trials we preformed the results showed that the different ratio of dishes had a different time span of which they
The pill bugs were cuddling with each other as a way to preserve the heat and therefore, wouldn’t waist a lot of energy and eventually die. For the 24 C the bugs where moving at a full speed. As it is said that the pill bugs are well adapted to moist temperatures because they need it as a way to breathe and not die from dehydration. Pill bugs tend to come out during the day because of the moist. The results are compatible with the results of the group experiments.
In this experiment, Pill bugs were exposed to different environments within a closed space and observed to determine which environment they preferred. The four different environments tested consisted of flowers, dirt, grass, and an empty space. Ten pill bugs were placed within the shoe box and observed for a total of 15 minutes to determine what environment the bugs preferred. The independent variables were the different conditions in each section of the shoe box, while the dependent variable was the behavior the pill bugs displayed. Throughout the experiment, the control variable was the empty section of the shoe box.
The overall purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of different types of environments on pill bug attractancy. Pill bugs were exposed to 2 different environments (sugar and water). The attractancy was observed and recorded in a raw data table. A research hypothesis was formulated that the sugar would work as the best attractant for pill bugs. Sugar had the greatest impact of the two environments used because it attracted 8/9 ants.
Dr. Tatiana’s sex advice to all creation By: Olivia Judson The book Dr. Tatiana’s sex advice to all creation is a exhilarating, funny, and a illuminating experience. The book is composed of all possible creatures by letter about their sex lives that is explained by one person, Dr. Tatiana, a sex columnist in creation with a vigorous amount of knowledge of evolutionary biology.
The effects of where these larvae are laid can dictate the fate of these gall fly larvae. A study shows that avian predators can assess a gall 's content prior to pecking it open, preferring galls that are inhabited by gall fly larvae. Bird predation was found to be concentrated near the places with a lot of tree cover where S. gigantean a large centipede tends to pray few attacks occurred in the open where golden rods are prevalent. The study was a field experiment to observe the preference of avian predators on galls in different habitat types and that had different sizes, and heights of galls. It is possible that birds have either learned through experience or evolved through natural selection to choose the more profitable galls (Poff et al. 2002).
This species was only observed during the fresh and bloated stage of decomposition. Hy. Violacea is considered as forensically important fly and had been reported in literatures as being the first colonizers on animal carcasses placed outdoors in estates and forested areas[1,3,10].The first study on the larval growth parameter and growth rate of this blow fly species was reported by Chen in 2008[11].The larvae of Hy.violacea were recovered from a corpse for the first time by Ahmad Firdaus in 2010 [12].The absence of this species from monkey carcass placed in the campus shrub area is expected as Hy.violaceais a forested
Parcc Essay After reading the two passages, "Red Cranes", and, "The Firefly Hunt", it is clearly presented that the authors of each stories, developed the characters in clever differential ways. Although the approach was very different, the characteristics within these characters were quite similar. As goes to say, each author had their own perspectives through introducing each characters intentions and feelings. In the story, "The Red Crane", written by Jacey Choy, the approach to develop Choy's characters was very subtle.
At the conclusion of each of the three trials, the number of caterpillars that showed peck marks was tallied. The average of the three trials revealed that 0.67 out of 8 patterned caterpillars had been pecked and 2.67 out of 8 of the solid colored caterpillars showed signs of avian predation (Figure 1). The average rate of avian predation for the three trials was 8.3% for the patterned caterpillars and 33.3% for the solid colored caterpillars. The number of patterned caterpillars pecked was less than the number of solid colored caterpillars pecked for all three trials. It was observed that there were no adhesive issues, weather related damage, or interference from tree
This does not exclude a quantitative approach being associated with a post-positivist approach. In contrast, for a researcher who favors interpretive, knowledge is a matter of interpretation (Schutt, 2009) so that the quest for understanding the complex world of lived experience demands that the researcher interact with the research objects/participants to get the viewpoint. The investigator favored a post-positivist approach since he believes that human knowledge can be challenged and modified in light of further investigation. Following is a description of the methodology that was followed for this
This literature review will be covering the topic on research paradigms. There are three major paradigms in the research paradigms which are the positivist paradigm research, interpretivist paradigm research and critical paradigm research. Each research paradigm has its own strengths and effectiveness due to their unique features which are specific to their particular approach as well as weaknesses. All researchers have their own beliefs and methods while conducting a research. Therefore, the ways of research studies conducted are vary.
These young insects are smaller than adults and very difficult to see with the naked eye. If you do see them, you'll notice they are translucent and whitish-yellow in color. As nymphs grow, they progress through five stages known as instars. Each instar begins after molting and lasts five to eight days under ideal conditions. Nymphs require a blood meal before progressing to the next instar, however, so those that are unable to find a host will stay in their current stage until they either feed or die.
Before undertaking any research, Boyle and Schmierbach (2015) suggested that a paradigm needs to be developed to ensure that the philosophical underpinnings used by the researcher are determined. When determining the paradigm, the researcher has to decide on whether to use a positivism approach or to use an anti-positivism approach. When a researcher adopts a positivism approach, the social aspect of research is assumed to have no significance on the results of the study. As such, most such studies adopt a quantitative review where the data collected does not really highlight the relationship with society.