A method is a realistic application of preparing research. Regardless of the philosophical stance or paradigm of enquiry adopted in a research project, it is possible to use a combination of research methods when collecting data (Howell, 2013). Saunders et al., (2007) identify two main kinds of data that emerge in a research project. They are primary data gathered for the specific purpose of the project and secondary data, which are collected from other sources mainly from academic journals, articles and text books. Primary data can be collected through a number of different methods outlined below: Questionnaire: As observed by Collis and Hussey (2003), questionnaire is a record of wisely organised questions, selected after substantial testing, with an opinion to causing dependable replies from a selected sample.
This chapter explains how and why different research methods are selected by the author. The author has made logical justification of different research methodology techniques in accordance with the aim and objectives of the research. Research methodology helps the researcher to get a systematic solution of the research problems. Kumar (2008) mentioned research methodology as the science of conducting research. Cottrell and McKenzie (2011) argued good research should be followed by the well-established previous theories.
For example, the researcher need to guarantee that they have a large enough sample size to be able to generalize and make recommendations based upon the findings. (Daryl, 2008) 4.3 Types of research 4.3.1 Practical or Theoretical research Practical Research: The practical approach reviles the empirical study of the topic under research and mostly consists of hands on approach. This involves first hand research in the form of questionnaires, surveys, interviews, observations and discussion groups. (Alexander, 2003) Theoretical Research: A non-empirical approach to research, this usually involves examination of mostly published works like researching through archives of public libraries, court rooms and published academic journals. .
Introduction Research can be defined as a procedural and precise process of investigation, it aims at explaining a given phenomenon and tries to develop it and finally test the theories and explanatory concepts behind it. Basically, it focuses on explaining and contributing to scientific knowledge by collecting data, analyzing and then interpreting it for understanding the phenomenon. In this essay, there are two research approaches that are commonly used to conduct research namely quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative is mainly used to answer research questions based on numerical data while qualitative answer research questions based on textual data. a) Quantitative Method: In this research, the method involves gathering data for it to be quantified and therefore be placed under statistical treatment to provide support to the topic under study.
INTRODUCTION Research Methodology has been recognised as the framework that shapes the research route as well as the outcome of a research process. It entails the methods that a research intends to explore to actualise its goals. The importance of research methodology in achieving a good and profound research is enormous. It also gives direction to the research and enables the efforts to be organised into one cohesive and conceptual unit. A good research methodology will not only ensure that the research objective is realised but will also generate fresh ideas for future studies.
Because our research question focuses on how organizations apply social relationships and networks in communicating change, a qualitative research design is applicable. It encourages researchers to “obtain a more realistic view of the lived world that cannot be understood or experienced in numerical data and statistical analysis” (Lebaree, 2009). Understanding the role of change and social relationships and networks within an organization, requires a level of study that goes beyond quantitative data. A quantitative research design does not leave room for contextual details. Qualitative researchers have the ability to “interact with the research subjects in their own language on their own terms and create a descriptive capability based on primary and unstructured data” (Lebaree, 2009).
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: In this section detailed of data ,research design in ordered to test hypothesis After literature review, identifying variables and developing hypothesis and theoretical frame work this section explain what to do and how to do. Research design offers guideline to researcher to gather and analyze data in order to answer research questions (Sekaran and Bougie, 2010). Collis and Hussey (2009) identified methodology as the “overall approach to the entire process of the research study”. Research methodology is focused around the problems to be investigated in a research study and for this reason is varied according to the problems to be investigated. Research philosophy If research reflects the philosophy of positivismthen
3. Methodology 3.1 Introduction The purpose of this chapter is to outline the methods used in the gathering of data to answer the dissertation question. Limitations of the method, a description of the research tools and why it is being undertaken will be discussed. Research can be defined as “a systematic and organised effort to investigate a problem that needs a solution and encompasses the process of inquiry, investigation, examination and experimentation” (Sekaran 1992, p.4). Methodology is required to answer the research question and fulfil the objectives of the study.
3.0 Introduction Research in common parlance refers to a search for knowledge. It is the process of collecting, analyzing and interpreting information to answer questions. The research process must have certain characteristics: it must, as far as possible, be controlled, rigorous, systematic, valid, verifiable and critical (Panneerselvam, 2004). This chapter will deal with how the research is going to be carried out, that is the survey methods, the communication approach and the sampling methods that are going to be used. A research correctly designed and undertaken, builds knowledge because it represents an objective investigation of facts about a certain subject.
Second, decide what data should be collected. Third, collect and analyze data which is followed by the fourth stage of describing the findings and finally, the fifth stage which reports and share the findings and plan for action with others” (Johnson,2005, p.21). As a result, it allows researchers to give reasoned justification of their education work to others (Kemmis & McTaggart, 2000). Research Design “A research design is the logic that links the data to be collected (and the conclusions to be drawn) ” (Yin, 2009, p24 ). The research design intended for this study is a case involving standard three students.