Evaluating Bias in Research
The first step in the student’s guide to research is always defining the research question. A research question is a statement that seeks to solve a problem in the society or give an insight of a given situation or phenomenon that need to be known by the public or an issue that has been subjected to public debate without clear solution or information about it. It may also be an issue that has been earlier researched on but not conclusively done and thus there are still gaps and loopholes in the research that needs to be filled. For example, in the case given, there is still no adequate research to determine the link of some pharmaceutical drugs to heart problems and thus a student will develop and define a research questions that will try and provide conclusion about whether there is a link between some
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One of the assumptions is the if a recommendation appears in print, the report must be valid and accurate. This is a form of bias that the drug makers or manufacturers and the researchers have used to exploit the readers. The readers will assume that since the report is recommended and published it must contained valid and well-researched information on the connections of some drugs to some heart diseases. In the case given, the manufacturer of Avandia, a diabetes drug together with some researchers and employers successful draft and published a report that compare there diabetes drugs and report that Avandia is the best. The readers believed so no thinking of the financial connection of the researchers and the drug maker that may have altered the report. Contrary to this, some researchers have proved that Avandia is linked to heart
The book Bias written by Bernard Goldberg explains how the liberal media distorts actual news and as a result impacts society negatively. Goldberg joined CBS News in 1972 and retired 28 years later, in 2000. Goldberg describes the distortion in present day due to no diversity of opinion in the newsroom, so no matter how many news executives go on about diversity, about ethnic, and racial diversity and how much they say we need that to go out the full story about things, they don’t seem to care much about intellectual diversity or diversity of opinions. This is why journalist can bash on a certain side or cheer the other side and wont fear about what will happen. Goldberg views Conservative news as evil and liberal media as right.
The articles “Machine Bias” by Julia Angwin, et al. and “Should Prison Sentences Be Based on Crimes That Haven’t Been Committed Yet?” by Anna Maria Barry-Jester, et al. and the short story “The Minority Report” by Philip K. Dick share a common theme. Except that “The Minority Report” is a work of fiction, whereas “Machine Bias” and “Should Prison Sentences Be Based on Crimes That Haven’t Been Committed Yet?” are based on real life events.
P3 research: I will now compare different research methodologies for health and social care. There are two types of research that are commonly used when research projects are being taken out, which aim to benefit health and social care related services. These two types of research are called quantitative research and qualitative research. The difference between these two is how they collect the information they need in different way and use different kinds of sources, but both benefit the health system. Without research being carried out medical professionals/and laboratory scientists would not be able to provide us with improved medications that can improve our health.
To answer Bertrand Russell's implied question, no person can write an interesting story about history without bias. When readers or people get excited about a story, there has to be a slight bias, positive or negative, when writing about true events to keep people questioning and responsive enough to continue reading. Some authors will have an obvious inclination toward characters to catch people's attention and see if the readers can recognize instances where a personal opinion is being used, which may inspire people to want to` pursue a story. An author's goal is to get the reader's attention and keep it; using bias is one way to do that. As seen in Jon Krakauer's story Into the Wild, there’s a positive bias toward protagonist Chris McCandless.
Detecting Bias in Graphs 1. What trends and patterns can you see in the information presented? Draw graphs where possible. Graph 1- Shows the gradual decrease in the number of deaths caused by smallpox in England. Graph 2- Shows the drastic increase in the number of deaths caused by Pertussis when the vaccinations were suspended in Japan.
Does attractiveness relate to perceived guilt and punishment severity? Abstract: "Attraction Bias in Academic Offences" This research had a purpose to investigate whether or not attraction bias exists in an academic format and whether or not it influences the severity of punishment and perceived guilt of an accused individual. To do this we had participants rate the attractiveness of an individual whose photo was provided (Appendix 1a)
Map Bias Assessment Maps are a way to portray the world in a visual way. Cartographers, people who create maps, create maps to aid people in seeing various traits of the world. It could be physical traits (terrains, land mass, elevation and more) or abstract traits such as political boundaries, average lifespan, population or how developed a country is in terms of economy (GDP). Maps are the perfect way to represent a diverse continent such as Asia.
The current age of technology has brought us to the Information Age, where nearly any information of a topic is readily avaliable within the people’s pockets. This information is also made by the people, as any person can create blogs or articles about topics he or she wants to talk about. However, since information is so readily avaliable, people will generally trend to an outlet that has information or opinions that normally agree with his or her own. Liberals will read liberal articles, conservatives will watch conservative shows, people for guns won’t listen to what a anti-gun speech.
Bias and the Law relates to my goals as an educator because it will help me gain a better perspective on which people with disabilities and special education are viewed in society. It also helped me realize why people believe special education can be too costly, burdensome, and infective. It also taught me the biases towards people with disabilities still exists, and why it can be a civil rights issues. Cultural Attitudes relates to my goals as an educator because knowledge on a family cultural beliefs can help me work with students with disabilities and their families on an individualized education plan that best suits their needs. It also taught me that every culture views disabilities differently some view it positively others try to hide
Many people today do not like to admit the bias that underlies their reasoning. Many of these people fear Islamic Fundamentalists; however, most attacks on the United States were the effect of Political Extremists, Nationalists, and even Racial/Religious Supremacists. In Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, many of the characters in the town of “Maycomb” show the extremity of how biased they are towards white people. Throughout the novel, the reader catches a glimpse of many different types of discrimination including; racial, social status, age, gender etc.. Taking place in Alabama during the Depression, the reader observes as the young protagonists transition from innocence to maturity. The narrator of the story is portrayed by
The sources always forces that research is done in such a way where bias to the question or research task will not be
In the article" Bias Awareness and Multiple Perspectives Essential Aspects of Conflict Resolution" Prutzman, Johnson (1997) discusses an important issue which is bias awareness and conflict resolution cannot be dissociated. Also he explains why they cannot be separated based on different references. In addition, he raises examples depends on the organization CCRC whom their purpose to reduce violent and conflict through variable skills. Moreover, he concludes that difference is accepted, when the individuals accepted on themselves and others. In the end he recommends people should expose more to the culture and to understand that change will not happen rapidly, but it takes time.
Bias is prejudice about someone or something which has been created based on incomplete information. More often bias has a negative effect as it affects other people, our way of thinking that could be driven into stereotypes frame. Every day we face with a huge number of biases and some of us even do not know about the existence of them. If it gets to that point when something suffers from it, people need to overcome biases. There are a lot of examples of biases in our world.
Previous studies have shown its implication to the phenomenon of self-serving bias. Showing that cultural differences, degree of relationship, protection of individual’s self-esteem, role of individual, academic achievement, and expectancy are factors that is affected and can affect an individual’s behavior. However, in addressing the question on the explanations of why people display self-serving bias. Some researchers suggest that self-serving bias is driven by their motivation process or they are driven by the manner on how they make judgments (Anderson & Slusher, 1986; Tetlock & Levy, 1982).
As every undergraduate student undergoing a research course knows, two “necessary” components to research are that of external and internal validity. On any given occasion, a person could turn on the television and hear about a new study depicting a causal relationship between factors. A news anchor may state how, if you participate in a certain activity, it can cause: anxiety, stress, happiness, or any slew of emotional constructs. However, how many of these studies depict causal relationships over correlational ones? Additionally, does the information generalize to everyone or only certain populations?