The Influence Of Modernism In Theatre
Modernism is a movement that is both diverse in form as well as definition. It focuses on the revolutionising of traditions in a symbolist and aesthetic manner (Taxidou 2007: 2). In fact, the most significant aspects of modernism are the revolution of human thought, culture and understanding. But what kind of influence do they have? Do they differ in meaning when comparing performance and performance text? And how influential is a relationship between director and playwright in terms of the development of a movement?
Although “modernism tended to treat science with suspicion bordering on paranoia”(Shepherd-Barr 2006: 52), the scientific thought revolution of the mid 19th century was highly influential in the development of theatre and literature. Paradigm shifts towards the thinking of Darwin and Wallace were fuel to European practitioners during these times and the concepts they in turn would create. One such movement was naturalism, which followed the theories of Natural Selection and Evolution and their understanding of the influence of environmental factors (Darwin 1859).
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Zola’s Therese Raquin follows the temperament not character of human existence (Zola 1867) and Antoine’s performance, not only was the birth of his theatre company Theatre Libre, captured this essence in an aim to make them as real as possible . It is this positive collaboration and evolution that reflects on the formation of modernism as it is presents an “ever-increasing democratic project” (Taxidou 2007: 44), and allows directors and their works that “revolutionise [of] the word” (Taxidou 2007: 44) as “emblematic figures of modernity” (Taxidou 2007: 44). The scientific revolution allowed a progression in human understanding and the need for collaboration between word and performance that was not just an interchangeable
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