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Urbanization In China Essay

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Evolution of Chinese Cities Before and After 1978

China’s economy has been undergoing lot of transition in terms of rapid economic growth and foreign trade. Chinese cities have changed drastically. Many of these cities have evolved from fishing villages to world class cities. In addition, there has been a rapid growth in the Pearl River Delta Regions of Guangzhou and Shenzhen which has led to a rise in the GDP in China.
Earlier urbanization was slow, but since the 19th century, western countries embarked on technological advancement, which resulted to the industrial revolution and hence this boosted the urbanization rate. The factors contributing to the formation of cities include industries and tertiary production like transportation, …show more content…

Due to severe industrialization, the air and water have been fouled. Moreover, due to increased use of energy, the proportion of low-emission energy from natural gas, wind and nuclear power declined. This led to climate change. The other problems due to rapid urban growth was that there was a strong demand for housing which led to increased housing prices especially in coastal areas. There was disparity in income, imbalance in structure of employment.

Other problems faced by China were-
• Huge traffic jams due to increased number of cars
• Threats to health due to pollution and unhealthy lifestyles
• Unsafe food due to lack of systematization and standardization in food industry.
• Water shortages
• Limited supply of land as the land use in urban areas reached its limit.

To make the Chinese cities livable and sustainable, it requires strategic and timely responses. It is essential to have a balance of economic, social and environmental policies. The government needs to channel more investment in infrastructure and public goods. There has to be constraints on availability of land.
The 11th Five-year plan aims to increase energy

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