Relief is a common decision for the gravestone’s decoration in different cultures. Both Greeks and Romans used them for decades. Their works had several similarities, like the choice of the material (it often was marble). However, Greek and Roman gravestones showed many differences in the design. It could be authors’ preferences or the way people wanted descendants to remember and commemorate them. Two gravestones from the J. Paul Getty Museum show this different points of view; they are the grave stele of Theognis and the tomb altar of Caltilius & Caltilia.
The Life of Charlemagne was written by Einhard a little after Charlemagne death in 814. Einhard wrote the biography to make sure that Charlemagne’s legacy would not be forgotten. He would list many points in this biography, but I’ve decided to only point out three of them. These three chapters are his deeds, his family life, and his life with the Christian religion. All the points described the legacy Charlemagne left behind.
“Enough”, by Suzanne Buffam is an odd tale in the form of a poem, showing how someone is questioning life while in a depressing mood. The first few stanzas include melancholy lines and a sense of indirect somber portrayed through an action and a statement. A major tone shift follows with a feeling of equivocalness with the narrator questioning one’s self and life. Buffam uses strange metaphors, questionable line placement and the feeling of doubt and curiosity to portray “Enough”. The poem includes several different tones and examples of imagery to give the reader a true sense of what this poem is supposed to mean.
The Martyrdom of St. Perpetua and Felicity, which is a story about Perpetua’s trial due to her beliefs in Christianity, was written in the year 203 by three different authors, Perpetua, Satururs, and an unknown narrator. Perpetua wrote her part of the story while she was in prison, perhaps to give others the strength to stand up for what they believe in. Perpetua lived in Carthage under the Roman Empire, where the paterfamilias meant everything. The paterfamilias is the father of the household; they have the ability to take away the life of their children which means they have complete control over them. However, in The Martyrdom of St. Perpetua and Felicity, Perpetua disobeys her father. In this paper I will argue that the text was intended for Christians instead of the Romans based on the way Perpetua is praised in the text and how Perpetua’s disobedience towards her father who was the paterfamilias was most shocking to the Romans.
Saint Athanasius spent over seventeen years being banned from his own country by four different emperors. There were many great theologians and Church fathers, but Athanasius was one of the most important Church Fathers in ecclesiastical history. Saint Athanasius of Alexandria was born in 293. He was a theologian, ecclesiastical statesman, and a leader of Egypt. He had a lot of enemies, and defended against heresies. He studied philosophy and theology in Alexandria. Athanasius succeeded Bishop Alexander when he died in 328, and during his first few years in office he went to places like Libya and Egypt, and he got important contacts with Monks while there. In between this time, he was exiled many times, but returned home for a few years of
In almost every Count that has ever been reigned in the middle ages, there is no leader like Count Charles, who takes a risky approach to governing a land with the idea of religion as an important aspect of his position. Count Charles, aka “Blessed Charles the Good” is well known for feeding the poor, promoting peace and security, but religion is definitely a big influence to his reign as the Count of Flanders. At first, before doing any research on Count Charles’ religious ruling, I would already believe that Charles is a spiritual nobleman that everyone would admire because of how devastated Flanders felt when they heard about his death in 1127. Fortunately, my thoughts on Count Charles
In reviewing Chapter 11 by Keller, I was drawn to the statement, “If you want intimacy with God, if you want to get over this sense that something is missing, it will have to become God that you love with all of your heart and strength.” (pg. 144-145) Jesus made it clear to the rich man that he did not have his focus right, even if his heart was in the right place. Christ was willing to leave glory to serve man, was he (the rich man) willing to serve God and leave the identity he had built in his wealth behind? “The law is not being fulfilled unless it is obeyed as a way of giving and showing love to God and others.” (pg. 146) Money being a tool, does not define who you are. It doesn’t matter who you are, rich or poor, Christ came to serve
I have read your The Devastation of the Indies, and I want you to know that I share the same sentiments with you. I am in deep sorrow because of the cruelty and violence directed to Indians, and such a behavior deserves nothing but condemnation and censure. I have devoted three years to the work of restoring Christianity in Western India, because I believe that people have to know about Christ (Knight, 2012). I support your claim that Natives are constantly cheated and betrayed by their conquerors (La Casas, 1552, p. 31). Further, I am greatly appalled with how families commit suicide together in despair because of the actions of the Spanish. Life is given by Christ not to be annihilated outright.
While Dimmesdale was being interrogated verbally but mentally as well by the malevolent physician Roger Chillingworth. The physician was becoming very aggravated by the pastor’s replies and therefore left. Dimmesdale looked out of the window and saw Chillingworth standing at the same location as Pearl, the devil spawn. Chillingworth left something on the grave then proceeded to his room. The ailing pastor forced his failing body to walk to the grave. Once he approached the gloomy monument and he noticed that what Chillingworth left was not of his, but it was Dimmesdale’s bible. The ill pastor examined the holy scripture and one the cover he noticed the A on “Catholic Bible” was circled with a bloody red marker. The pastor glanced around and
Pope Urban II is without a doubt the reason why the The First Crusades started. It was through his deliberate actions and monumental speech that a spark was created and would end up leading to the crusades. His words and authoritative position within the Church are also important to recognize for they had a huge influence on the attitudes and direction that The First Crusades took. The impact of this speech is especially relevant when it comes to Stephen the Count of Blois and Chartres who took the words of Urban and put them into action. A letter from Stephen to his wife, Adele, helps give an idea as to the value that Stephen held in respects to the Pope’s speech where the Stephens Actions are reasoned through the words of the Urban II. If
In this essay I will discuss the Franciscans’ complex and evolving views on poverty from Francis to Peter Olivi. My discussion will look at his ideas on poverty as a way to live, as a concept and Francis’s own adherence. Later it will examine why the pragmatic latter leaders were required to change the idea of absolute poverty, and control the heresy within the order. Where Francis of Assisi, and the Order he founded of the Friars Minor (little brothers) did not attack the wealth and power of the Church they were not a problem,
1. Where do you think Bishop found the information for this chapter, and what are the strengths and weakness of the sources he may have consulted?
This essay will approach the poem My Last Duchess, by Robert Browning, from two perspectives: Masculinity and femininity. The essay will illustrate how the abundant details of this poem can be clear representations of many of the concepts of masculinity and femininity contained in the pertaining theories.Among the theorists that will be used or referred to are Kate Millet,Janet Saltzman Chaves, Helene Cixous and Michel Foucault.
Die Kapuzinergruft, German for ‘The Capuchin Crypt’ describes the traditional burial ceremonies of the Imperial Hapsburgs. In his 1938 novel of the same name, author Joseph Roth describes the parallel symbolic death and burial of an Empire in the waning days of the Habsburg Monarchy. The Overlook Press published an English translation by John Hoare in 1984; The Emperor’s Tomb describes the life of a Slovenian national during the waning days of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and through this use of a minority, he conveys the struggle for self identity that a great many states and countries went through as a result of their dissolutions at the end of the First World War. At the beginning of the book, Franz Ferdinand Trotta, or Herr Trotta, as he is referred to in much of the book, is a strong and decisive man. He leads a life of dignity and grace, never stepping too far from where he came, following the rules of society. But internally, he struggles almost constantly with an inner voice that wants him to explore his romantic and less realistic side. Despite a fierce pride of his heritage as a Slovenian, expressed through language and culture, the region of Slovenia does not have its own sovereignty, and Trotta is forced to identify as Austro-Hungarian. His father had long believed that the Empire would become three-headed, with a Slovenian crown rising up within the empire of the Austrians and Hungarians. But this was never to be. Slovenia would one day become a sovereign
“Bishop’s carefully judged use of language aids the reader to uncover the intensity of feeling in her poetry.”