Ever since the 1930s, racism has been seen in all aspects of society. Simple things such as bathrooms, buses, school, and even court systems were all racist for years. In modern times, buildings are no longer segregated and racism is not as obvious as it was earlier, but racism is still seen in the court system. Whenever the defendant is on trial, they have a jury of their peers to advocate and vote fairly for them. However, white people have a more fair jury than people of color do. An unfair jury is only one of the aspects of racism seen in the court system. Throughout the decades, racism has been seen in the court system in literature, cases in the 1930s and cases today. Racism in the court system is not only seen in real life, but also …show more content…
One aspect of racism is present in the final decision of Tom Robinson’s court case. Tom was accused of raping a young girl named Mayella who has an abusive father named Bob Ewell. Despite the fact that the evidence proves Tom as innocent, it was decided that he was guilty because he is a person of color in court against a white family with an all white jury. While closing the case and trying to defend Tom, Atticus, Tom’s lawyer, states, “Our courts have their faults, as does any human institution, but in this country our courts are the great levelers, and in our courts all men are created equal” (Lee 274). Atticus stating that all men are created equal shows that everyone in court should be treated the same, regardless of race, gender, social status, or anything that is irrelevant to the case. Nevertheless, racism is so prevalent in Maycomb that the jury sees Tom as inferior to them due the fact that he is a person of color. While Tom Robinson’s case is fictional, Harper Lee took inspiration for it from the Scottsboro Boys case, which was a real case that happened in the …show more content…
All of their trails had an all white jury and the boys did not have adequate representation in any of their trials. “In the first set of trials in April 1931, an all-white, all-male jury quickly convicted the Scottsboro Boys and sentenced eight of them to death.” Part of the expectations for a court case is to have adequate representation in the jury for the defendant, meaning that if a person of color is on trial, then people of color should be included in the jury. However, due to the fact that white people viewed people of color as inferior to them, especially in the 1930s, the Scottsboro boys did not have adequate representation in their trials. This enabled the jury to declare unfair sentences on the boys based mainly upon their race. While racism in the court system was frequently seen throughout the 1930s, some aspects of racism still exist in today’s court
This racial discrimination has led to a discriminatory manner that punishes blacks who victimized whites more severely compared to whites who victimize blacks. Even though race has been abolished as a legally relevant factor in capital sentencings, there are still variations in capital sentencing patterns along racial lines. The author tries to answer the question of how a system that tries to design itself as a racially neutral system can still have racial variations in capital sentencing. The author argues that there is a link between race and empathy in mitigation. The author conducted a study that focused on juror race and receptivity to mitigation and defendant race.
Throughout history the differences found in human beings have created multitude of problems in society. Today, problems are directed towards a person’s race and ethnicity. People of different color, race, and ethnicity are often discriminated towards, and result in the segregation of culture groups. There are many examples of this found throughout case trials since the twentieth century and beyond. The Emmett Till case, for example, demonstrates the outcome of having a jury that is all from the same ethnicity, and allows common people to understand the effect this has on the justice system.
Tom Robinson would have lived if it were not for the citizens of Maycomb. This situation is shown by the novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, which is set in the 1930s in Maycomb, Alabama. Tom was charged with raping a 19-year-old woman named Mayella Ewell. Through this trial, the different social standings of white and colored people make themselves known. Tom was given an unfair trial simply due to people’s beliefs that they are unwilling to change.
When it comes to actions being made by African American judges in the courtroom, Wolfson article suggests that a judge’s emotions whether he is black or not do not have to affect their verdicts and sentencing. Wolfson provides research stating that the relationship between an African American judge’s race and decision making is not always plausible when it is based on his own merit. “We must stand against it in whatever form. As a judge, I do my work without regard to race. It is incumbent on me to confront and dispose of language based on racism and stereotypes."
Harper Lee used this trial and created many parallels between the Scottsboro Boys case and the Tom Robinson case. The similarities include the idea of black men being accused of raping white women. In the Scottsboro case, these boys were illegally riding a train on their way home and along them were 2 white women. These women were pressured by the cops to accuse these young men of raping them. Similarly, in Tom Robinson’s case, he was innocently walking home when Mayella Ewell called him over, and almost raped him.
The Tom Robinson court case was loosely based on the Scottsboro Boys Trial. The trial entailed nine black teenage boys who were accused of raping two white women. Much like Tom Robinson’s case in the book, the trial was biased and unfair. Lee perfectly captures the unjust court system for black
This article critically examines the racial disparities in sentencing during the late 20th century and highlights how biased judgments influenced judges' decision making processes. "Just Mercy" aligns with these findings by emphasizing how racial bias affects sentencing outcomes. The author Bryan Stevenson explores implicit bias and cultural stereotypes illustrating their impact on judges' perceptions and judgments of African American defendants. Through concrete examples. "Just Mercy" vividly exposes instances of racial bias within the criminal justice system and reveals the unjust consequences faced by people of color.
When do you decide that racism is not just a collection of non-isolated isolated incidents? When instead does it become a whole system set up for the benefit of a particular segment of society?” (Baylor). The trial of the Scottsboro Boys is an example of racial injustice and discrimination at its peak. The infamous trial of nine black teenagers who were accused of raping two white women spread like wildfire across the South, which had been polluted with racism by Jim Crow and years of slavery that had come to an end.
Biased juries are usually influenced because of racial discrimination. Adding on to diverse juries, “It has been nearly impossible to be clear, according to advocates of increasing the jury's diversity” (Emmanual). There is racial prejudice causing unfair issues that African Americans experience with the police (Bryant). Juries with no diversity are prominently seen in court, which causes doubted trials. Characterized by Lee, the society shows that, “In our courts, when it’s a white man’s word against a black man’s, the white man always wins” (Lee 117).
In this small town, racism, prejudice, and sexism are unfortunately all present. Atticus Finch is an equitable lawyer who is defending a black man named Tom Robinson during a case where he is being accused of rape. Atticus teaches his children that regardless of someone’s race, gender, or beliefs, you must treat
The judicial system is not always fair and impartial because since its inception it has been used as a means for discrimination and systemic oppression against BIPOC and other marginalized groups. Throughout American history there have been so many tragic examples of injustices carried out by our incredibly flawed judicial system. In fact, the bias within the American judicial system is such a wide-spread issue that it's been depicted in literature countless times to bring forth awareness about the issue. For example, in Reginald Rose´s 1954 play 12 Angry Men, there are several different instances in the book where the jurors discriminate against the defendant, a boy charged with murdering his father because he was Puerto Rican. The boy was
Similarly, in the Tom Robinson trial racism is relevant, and Reverend Sykes, a prominent man in the Black community comments on the issue. He tells the children he “[has never] seen any jury decide in favor of a [Black] man over a white man …”, proving the fact that juries are racially biased (Lee 238). He explains to Jem how a jury can decide a man’s fate based on the color of his skin. Not whether he is truly innocent or not, but just because he isn’t like them. Juries being racially biased is an unfair way to decide a trial and has landed many Black men in
“A court is only as sound as the men who make it up. I am confident that you gentlemen will review without passion the evidence you have heard, come to a decision, and restore this defendant to his family, in the name of God, do your duty” (Lee, Chapter 20). Jury selections were previously one-sided situations that were later proven unethical. Racism was common during the 1930s and was often evident in jury selection. The outcomes of trials during those times were were often determined based upon the victim’s testimony.
Peremptory Challenges are Ruining the Justice System Cassidy Watson, an African American male, has been wrongfully accused in the state of Alabama of murdering 10-year-old Mya Morris. Today, he sits within a courtroom awaiting his hearing to begin. Moments pass, and the plaintiff’s lawyer has struck a juror from the jury; this juror is the only African American seated at the mostly Caucasian jury. In response, the judge asks the lawyer to explain why he struck the juror. The lawyer stated that the African American woman was “too vocal about her opinions.”
Coker gives great evidence that supports racial injustice in the criminal justice system. She discusses on the Supreme Court’s rulings and accusations of racial preference in the system. This article is helpful because it supports my thesis on race playing a role on the system of criminal justice. Hurwitz, J., & Peffley, M. (1997). Public perceptions of race and crime: The role of racial stereotypes.