Examples Of Counter Insurgency

1. COUNTER INSURGENCY IN INDIA AND HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS

India has been a victim of violence and insurgency operations ever since her independence in 1947. From Jammu and Kashmir, to the North East region, to Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka, our country has seen the worst forms of insurgencies and human rights violations. In response, India has fought back and continues to fight back with the counter insurgency operations of the armed forces. The term insurgency, as defined by the Department of Defense, US Government is “an organised movement aimed at the overthrow of a constituted government through the use of subversion and armed conflict.” Most times, it is the radical ethno-nationalist, religious beliefs and the supposed “righteousness” of

Several insurgency groups such as the United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA), NSCN-IM (National Socialist Council of Nagaland: Isak-Muivah group), United People’s Democratic Solidarity (UPDS) and Dima Halam Daogah (DHD) to name a few, have formed over the years to fight for the establishment of independent states and autonomy. In an attempt to reduce the problem of insurgency and its impact on civilians, effective counter insurgency measures have been taken. Further, the term counter insurgency may be defined

THE TRUTH AND RECONCILIATION COMMISSION OF SOUTH AFRICA

One of the most successful and comprehensive TRCs was the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission which was assembled after the end of the apartheid in South Africa to “promote unity and reconciliation” and to identify the “causes, nature and extent” of apartheid-era violence. The South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (SATRC) was established under the Promotion of National Unity and Reconciliation Act of 1995. The TRC comprised of three committees:

i. The Human Rights Violations Committee:

The Committee on Human Rights Violations investigated human rights abuses that occurred between the Sharpeville massacres in 1960 and the first Democratic elections in 1994. This committee was an effective forum for victims to tell their stories. However, only a portion of the victims could appear in public hearing. While 2000 people told their stories in the public hearings, more than 21 000 applications were processed by the commission. One of the significant features of hearings was the simultaneous translation into any of the local languages being used.

ii. The Amnesty