An initial reading of “The Jungle” by Upton Sinclair might appear to be literary fiction, further analysis suggest that it is primarily a work of propaganda. Sinclair uses the protagonist of the story, Jurgis Rudkus to show the difficulties the family went through. In “The Jungle” immigrants were not treated right and Sinclair exposes the human flaws of people to show how the lower class society was mistreated. The family experiences this when “Ona was sexually harassed” (chapter 15) by an upper class, puppet to the capitalist society, Conner. This disgusting man took advantage of a poor immigrant girl.
The Mau Mau rebellion is a rebellion against colonial rule in Kenya. It existed from 1952 until 1960 and it helped through the independence of Kenya. The Mau Mau rebellion is perhaps caused by the rising conflict between the Kikuyu and white Europeans settlers in Kenya. In that era, in Kenya there were issues like expulsion of Kikuyu tenants from peasants, loss of land to the white citizens, starvations and a lack of truth in terms of political representation for Africans given the propulsion for the rebel. Therefore, in this assignment I will reveal the foundation of the conflict and the exactness of anti-colonial rebellion against British colonial rule and a civil war in the colony (Kikuyu community) and also did the Mau Mau rebellion led to Kenya’s independence.
That would be best. Like a man without a name. Or, to be more precise, a man whose name has been stolen.” (1.2.191-193) reinforces Cesaire’s post-colonial perspective and his endorsement of negritude. Caliban finds himself continuously ill-treated; he has it the worst of all of Prospero’s slaves. The conditions of hard-labour that were subjected to black people by white supercilious people during colonization are mentioned by Cesaire were Prospero “forgives” Ferdinand and excuses him from his afore imposed state of slavery on the basis that they are of the same race and rank and the manual labour that was intended for Ferdinand is passed on to Caliban.
2. Comparison of Purpose 2.1. Achebe: To Denounce Heart of Darkness Chinua Achebe is considered as the man who redefined our way of reading Conrad’s Heart of Darkness. Indeed, while focusing on the description of Africa and its people, the Nigerian writer laid serious charges against it for its racist stereotypes and highlighted the colonizer’s oppression on the natives. In truth, even after thirty-four years of his first delivered public lecture “An image of Africa”, excoriating the book, he spoke again against it in an interview with Robert Siegel where it seems that, for him, the novella is the product of “a seductive writer and who could pull his reader into the fray.” Thus, he wanted to disclose the truth about its hidden intentions so that the reader would not be fooled by its tricky writing style.
That would be best. Like a man without a name. Or, to be more precise, a man whose name has been stolen.” (1.2.191-193) reinforces Cesaire’s post-colonial perspective and his endorsement of negritude. Caliban finds himself continuously ill-treated. The conditions of hard labour that black people were subjected to by white supercilious people during colonization are mentioned by Cesaire where Prospero “forgives” Ferdinand and excuses him from his afore imposed state of slavery on the basis that they are of the same
Struggle of the Protagonist against Circumstances in Ngugi Wa Thiong’o’s Weep Not, Child M.SANTHANAKRISHAN Ph.D. Research Scholar Department of English Annamalai University. Dr.D.SHANMUGAM Associate Professor Department of English Annamalai University. African writers use the history of their country, intending to reconstruct the existing society. Ngugi recalls the past of Kenya to express his social perspectives. The period of Mau Mau Emergency was between1952-62 and it was a period of mass murder and mass torture of Kenyans.
In the aftermath of this rift, two major warring groups emerged: a government led by President Salva Kirr and a rebel group led by former Vice President Riek Machar (Maru, 2015). While several rounds of mediation have led to the signing of an agreement to cease hostilities, the fighting continues between President Kirr's forces and those aligned with Machar. Currently, the violence appears to persist along ethnic lines and has fuelled a vicious cycle of reprisal attacks against civilians (Maru, 2015). This major commotion is a big hindrance to the good potential of South Sudan to improve itself and achieve development. Some other little conflicts are happening inside that causes so much trouble and repressions of
The Poisoned Bread: Translations from Marathi Dalit Literature impetuously revives the prevalent slavery in pre-colonial and colonial times, the continuous pattern of dalits’ exploitation and dependency of poor peasants, women, scheduled tribes and scheduled caste in post colonial India, who remained ethically, economically and politically deprived of their rights and privileges. The humiliation and horror of untouchability is the quintessence of conscious and subconscious will of the millions, therefore the literary expressions of dalits in the text theorizes dalits active participation for their concern for a new social order to gain self-respect, equality and justice, to seek humane conditions, to live with dignity and to struggle for “the reclamation of human personality” (Ambedkar and Gandhi, 1954: p. 45). The dalit writers in The Poisoned Bread: Translations from Marathi Dalit Literature psychologically profess the same voice alike B.R.Ambedkar, who says the society of Hindus has “the sense of structuration” and “the dualism of structure” (Essential Writings of B.R.Ambedkar, 2000: p. 369). On one hand we find social relations between gender, class and sex splited between dominance and the dominated one; whereas on the other hand cultural and social hegemony reflect human power and inhuman components both in the upper caste and the lower caste; and also in patriarchal structure in which women, children are like untouchables or dalits. They are marginalised in their own
The main tribes fighting for political power and survival are the Kikuyu’s, the Kalenjin’s and the Luo. Under Jomo Kenyatta, the Kikuyus enjoyed political and commercial control of the country at the expense of the Kalenjin and the Luo, under Moi the Kalenjin’s enjoyed preferential treatment. Tribalism has been a constant thorn in the side of Kenya’s fragile national identity, which the domination of some tribes and marginalisation of others prevalent in several aspects of daily life from political to society. This makes the case of “Unbwoggable” becoming an anthem of Kenyan nationality peculiar, because its roots are heavily found in the Luo tribe. In the song, several segments are written In Luo and seem to encourage those of the Luo community to engage in solidarity by practicing group values such as remembering those who help you, and carry you, whilst also heaping praise on Luo prominent figures such as Robert Ouko, Riala Odinga, and Tom
For example, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie who receives Commonwealth Prize for Literature for her first novel Purple Hibiscus also receives Orange Prize for her same novel and for her Half of a Yellow Sun. She follows tradition like Chinua Achebe, also targets issues of social and political issues directly or indirectly of the status of Nigeria. However, her Half of a Yellow sun speaks the most direct attack of Nigeria and Biafra war. Her Purple Hibiscus shows the impact of colonization of Nigeria. It visualizes the facts of ethnic tensions and political imbalance and the fear of racial injustice and cultural identity and power supremacy among the people as well as rulers.