UD5221 Theory and Elements of Urban Design
Tutorial Assignment 2
Topic 3.5
Social Equity in Urban Planning and Design
by
Wang Enshen
A0082824
National University of Singapore
November 2014
TOPIC 3.5:
According to UNFPA social contradictions and segregation in urban areas are increasing worldwide. Why is it important to combat segregation and to generate a more integrated urban society? In which way urban planning and design can contribute to more social equity and integration?
Introduction
Urban planning is a process that involves a lot of technicality and is influenced by politics in a number of ways. It is purely involved with the land use systems in the urban areas. The resources that are mainly considered are air, water and infrastructure that connect an urban area with the adjacent towns. Such networks are useful for transportation and distribution into and out of the town. Urban design is the way through which cities are designed and shaped. Urban design involves the integration of knowledge from varied fields such as the built environment, urban planning, landscape architecture, civil and municipal engineering. Urban planning requires a good understanding of the physical geography that should be developed. In most cases, urban design involves the coming up with connections that connect people and places, movement and urban form and the built fabric. Urban design determines a number of factors in an area. The major one is environmental stewardship, social
Christians need to be able to live where the poor live and help them when they need help. Bob Lupton, author of the article, “Gentrification with Justice,” leads by example and shows how Christians can help the poor, showing explicit examples of the area of Gentrification. Without people such as Lupton, the world would be a very dark place full of hopelessness and chaos. Lupton knows that gentrification happens and looks to the church to help him.
Discrimination has been a prevalent malpractice for centuries now. This has had adverse impacts on the victims and retaliations have impacted the perpetrators harshly in the modern-day scenario as well. Discrimination happens in all social segments of the society and it is often initiated an early age. Media portrayal normalizes this abnormal behaviour to a large extent, often rendering the viewer helpless to execute such petty behaviour. This can clearly be taken into account while noticing housing practices in the modern-day Toronto.
Racial Segregation in Public Places (Restaurants) In the 1880’s, to counter Jim Crow laws, laws were enacted to weaken segregation though, they were rarely enforced and ignored by many. It was normal in many restaurants to segregate against not just blacks, but Mexican-Americans and Asians as well. It wouldn't be until 84 years later that a better alternative would come into place.
The topics of racism and identity are not brought to light often enough. Social construction, dehumanizing biases, discrimination, and social groups are important aspects that play big parts in day-to-day life whether or not you realize it. We must consider these concepts in our daily life. Social construction plays a large role in identity in relation to race.
One of the most attractive cities in the world is a place I call “home “, here in sunny San Diego. San Diego is home to some America’s finest qualities. Beautiful beaches, a world famous Zoo, Sea World, an amusement park made out of Legos (LEGOLAND), cultural diversity, an 80 Degree winters are just a few to say the least. With all these great qualities that San Diego has to offer to its residents and visitors, there are parts of the community that are not that as appealing. As our nation moves forward, our cities around this nation must also do the same.
Synthesis Essay Whether for better or for worse, America’s society is always changing. Some changes benefit the communities in America while other changes affect it negatively. One of those changes that happened in America is called gentrification. Gentrification is the process of renewing a low-income living area .
Racial injustice is when people are denied rights based on their race and/or racial background. History has shown us that racial injustice has been a huge issue. Racial discrimination has been happening ever since the discovery of America. When Columbus discovered America in the 1500s, the europeans were very racist to the native americans. This was the start of racial discrimination in America that turned into racial injustice.
Planning is transforming socially, but to achieve change it has to bring together, politicians, planners, and residents (Sandercock, 2004). Citizen’s opinions and rights should be taken into consideration. It is the number one rule in the planning process for participants. It says, “recognize the rights of citizens to participate in planning decisions” (Ethical, n.d.). Cities cannot progress unless they change their ways of doing things.
“A person professionally engaged in the design of certain large constructions including buildings and the like are known as architects,” by definition. Architects play a role, not only in everyday life, but also in history. Throughout the book Devil in the White City by Erik Larson, famous architects from around the world make an appearance and prove their strengths and weaknesses. Although when thought of, many believe architects are engineers that build and accomplish impossible statues, buildings, and architecture, but this is far from the truth. An architect can be found within every normal human because they always build and accomplish plans and other ideas.
The conclusions of gentrification has shifted in recent years, whether it stands for its moral or corrupt. In the course text from the Sharon Zukin’s article, “Naked City: The City That Lost Its Soul”, argues that gentrification is often detrimental to low income/longtime residents, destruction and the end of old authentic neighborhoods. Zukin argues, based on the facts on white-collar men and women have taken up all space, development of new residents and creating a cultural/economic barrier between rich and poor, young and old. Vice Versa, according to recent studies and new formulas of gentrification, it is an effective urban planning strategy because it minimizes the growth of slums, prevents crime and causes growth in the economy. Therefore,
Introduction As the world’s population continues to migrate and live in urban areas, planners, engineers, and politicians have an important role to ensure that they are livable and sustainable. But what defines an urban area and what makes it so attractive? In my opinion, urban areas are places that consist of a variety of land uses and buildings, where services and amenities are easily accessible to the general public, and includes an established multimodal transportation network. Also, it should be a place where people can play, learn, work, and grow in a safe and collaborative manner.
Social Injustice Social injustice and economic inequality were very common during the 1960’s. In the short story “The Lesson” by Toni Cade Bambara, it shows these differences between neighborhoods. Bambara does a splendid job by giving the reader explicit details to show the injustices during the 1960’s. “The Lesson is told from a first-person narrative from a girl named Silvia, who lives in Harlem, New York. Silvia describes a typical day as one where she is spending time in the park or at the pool, however, in each of these cases, she describes them as being filled with alcoholics living throughout the neighborhood.
Incorporating analysis’s from material provide in the Development and the City course at the University of Guelph, it is believed that a significant issues is the means to which governments invests in their people. Within cities, municipal governments are often more interested in modernizing than addressing the major structural concerns mentioned above. Furthermore, social inequalities do not just expand across cities, rather this is a problem that engulf the entire nation, which Boo also points to. This can especially be seen when
Overcrowding has been an issue for decades; however, due to growing population sizes, its negative social consequences are progressively worsening. Overcrowding is most commonly seen in cities and other urban developments. Cities attract people for many different reasons. As Steven E. Barkan, a professor in Sociology at the University of Maine, explains, cities provide it all: entertainment, cultural attractions, and employment opportunities (Barkan, 2012). Similarly, living in a city allows for easy access to public transportation, businesses, and other necessities.
INTRODUCTION URBAN LAND USED SYSTEM Urban land use system means the system which manages the land area in urban cities. The land in urban areas should plan very well to mitigate the issues that arise in the future. Planning of buildings, roads, highways, rail ways, ports, stations and flyovers has to be planned under this system. It is very important to plan the urban land properly by placing the infrastructures in the proper places because wrong management plans will creates huge cost for the economy.