Social Interaction According to Piaget and Vygotsky (1896-1934) learners are able to do group activities. They wish to work with groups rather than being alone. Social interaction is the process by which we act and react to those around us. In a nutshell, social interaction includes those acts people perform toward each other and the responses they give in return. Having a quick conversation with a friend seems relatively trivial.
Collaborative Learning According to Johnson & Johnson (1993) collaborative learning requires working together toward a common purpose. This type of learning has been called by different names: cooperative learning, collaborative learning, collective learning, learning communities, peer teaching, peer
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Pupils interact with each other in the same group to acquire and practice the elements of a subject matter in order to solve a problem, complete a task or achieve a goal. Prior to World War II theorist such as All port, Watson, Shaw and Mead began establishing cooperative learning theory after the discovery that group work was more effective and efficient in quantity, quality and overall productivity when compared to working alone. It wasn’t until 1937 when researchers May and Deutsh found that people who cooperate and work together to accomplish shared goals were more successful in attaining outcome, than those who strive …show more content…
Motivational theory by Abraham Maslow in 1943 is that human beings are motivated by unsatisfied needs and that convinced lower factors needs can be satisfied. Collaborative Learning by Johnson& Johnson, 1993, p.9) says that this use instructional use of small groups so that students work together to make the most of their own and each other’s learning. A major factor that influences pupil academic performance is the idea that they can achieve. Eggen, Jacobsen, Kauchak (2006) note that teachers assist the internalization process and they do effectively learning activities that encourage a positive, academic and cognitive self-concept.
Maria Montessori (1965) says that children learn best when the environment supports their natural longing to acquire skills and knowledge. She also states that a constructivist or “discovery” model where pupils learn concepts from working with materials, rather than by direct instruction.
Theory of
Collaborating with Team Members to Improve Teaching and Learning Morgan Battin Western Governors University D188: The Collaborative Leader A. INSTRUCTIONAL GOAL In my fifth-grade science class, the instructional goal is to teach students to be able to identify real-world examples of symbiosis and explain how each creature in the relationship is affected. The instructional goal will support student learning and thinking through inquiry, discussion, and justification of responses as students work through the symbiosis sort. The instructional goal supports engagement because students are working with real world concepts, using technology, and have a choice of who or how they work with and where they work. 1.
Teamwork is also seen in my schooling. I’ve gone to schools that use group work as a common educational tool. For example,
The meaning of social interaction is an exchange between two or more individuals and is a building block of society. Social interaction can be studied between groups
In Reggio Emilia approach, there are many strengths as it supports children that a child’s image is viewed as having rights and not just needs and child has been viewed as beautiful, competent, powerful, curious, creative as well as full of ambitious desires and potentials. In addition, it supports children’s individual differences and needs, documentation that Reggio teachers collect about their students and a mix of long- and short term projects which provide students with a deeper understanding of the subject matter. While the strength in Montessori curriculum is children are 5 prepared for the real world, where they work side by side with people of all ages, they develop self-discipline, independence and analytical thinking, all materials in a Montessori classroom have a proper place, and it is the responsibility of each student to properly store their materials when they are done to maintain order, independence is greatly emphasized and focuses on individual intelligences. The weakness point in Montessori and Reggio Emilia Curriculum: There are some weakness point in Reggio Emilia approach such as this approach puts a lot of emphasis on the importance of large space as is considered educational, Reggio Emilia schools are found in wealthy countries and are attended by children from wealthy families while the poor cannot opt for the Reggio Emilia approach, public schools get limited funding while private schools mostly focus on results and not process and also the
Cooperative learning model is an active process where students work in small teams/groups, each with students of different levels of ability, use a variety of learning activities to improve their understanding of a subject. Students have opportunities to actively participate in their learning, question and challenge each other, share and discuss their ideas, and adopt their learning. Ross and Smyth (1995) describe successful cooperative learning tasks as intellectually demanding, creative, open-ended, and involve higher order thinking tasks. In this model, it is essential to create a positive climate where interpersonal skills can be promoted so that positive emotions will be fostered among learners. Cooperative learning also helps the learners to feel empowered and respected to prepare them to face real
My Classroom Environment Ideally, my classroom would be a strong community of interactive learners. I would like to use cooperative learning to engage students at various academic levels. This would also give me the opportunity to employ direct teaching for those students that need it while others work in groups. Groups also allows me to use peer tutoring and help build an inclusive classroom by integrating groups (Hallahan et al., 2012).
Psychologists have noted the significance of motivation in education because of the existing relationship between motivation and new learning skills, strategies and behavior [14]. According to Goral, factors such as the desire to solve problems, or interest in problem-solving skills, motivation and desire to succeed, a desire to please the teacher, etc., are all among the factors affecting problem-solving skills [15]. Adair believes that creative thinking improves in an environment where double motivation, feedback and constructive criticism (Creative Environment), exists [16]. According to Wertheimer, Mayer says: Facing difficulties, some people come up with smart ideas and offer creative solutions. However, it should be noted that it is not enough to solely focus on teaching problem-solving skills.
Constructivism Constructivism as a prototype posits that learning is an active constructive process.
Use of group goals or group rewards augments the achievement outcomes of co-operative learning if and only if the group rewards are based on the individual learning of all group members (Slavin, 1995). Most often, this means that team scores are computed based on average scores on tests/quizzes which all teammates take individually, without teammates’ help. For instance, in Student Teams Achievement Divisions, or STAD (Slavin, 1994), students work in mixed-ability groups to master material initially presented by the teacher. Following this, students take individual tests/quizzes on the material and the teams may receive grades based on the degree to which team members have improved over their own past performance. For this, it is essential to ensure that all team members have learned, they explain concepts to each other, help each other practice and encourage each other to achieve.
According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, there are five broad motivational needs classified into basic needs and growth needs (Kaur, 2013). The basic needs include, esteem, psychological, love and safety. On the other hand, growth needs involve self-actualization. In this regard, Maslow stipulated that individuals are motivated to attain certain needs (Kaur, 2013). These needs are arranged in such a way that the lower needs must be met before the higher ones.
The brand name of the Starbuck is popular are no longer depending on the quality of the coffee only, but also the customer service. A study shown that the turnover rate of employee at Starbuck was 65% which compare to the other national chain retailer with the average range of 150% to 400%. This indicates that Starbuck have a good work environment that allows them to retain employees and emphasized in term of the employee motivation. One of the motivation theory that Starbuck had been applied is the Maslow’s need hierarchy theory.
The Harvard Model of HRM: Back in 1984, Beer et al developed the Harvard model of the HRM. Beer et al believe that the human resource is passes many of pressures nowadays, therefore, eliminating the pressures is required. These pressures could be eliminating by having a long-term perspective in terms of controlling people and potential assets rather than just variable costs. As a result, Beer et al approach the Harvard Model of the HRM. The purpose of this model is to solve the pressures that may occur in the HR of any organizations; these pressures include all management decisions that will affect the relationship between the organizations and their workers, in addition to a clear plan for the HRM policies and procedures by the manager of
[47] argue that students report increased team skills as a result of cooperative learning. This is as Panitz [48] cites a number of benefits of cooperative learning for developing the interpersonal skills required for effective teamwork. As observed, there is broad empirical support for the central premise of cooperative learning, that cooperation is more effective than competition for promoting a range of positive learning outcomes. These results include enhanced academic achievement and a number of attitudinal outcomes. In addition, cooperative learning provides a natural environment in which to enhance interpersonal skills and there are rational arguments and evidence to show the effectiveness of cooperation in this
Each of these students benefit from one-on-one interaction. By allowing them to work in partners, they were able to thrive during whole group instruction and come away from the lesson having learned about the skill that was being
It is one of the most effective forms of learning. Working in isolation is very restrictive and gives a slow progress. Critical thinking is also encouraged when learners work in groups. Through collaborative activities such as writing, debates, group projects and more they learn to work together and to respect each other contribution. The traditional relationship between student and teacher is changed with collaborative learning.