The award winning book by Harper Lee, To Kill a Mockingbird, explores various views on stereotypes and defying the standard. Atticus Finch, the father of Scout Finch and the main protagonist, must go against societal standards and follow his personal morals. He fights against the injustice in Maycomb Alabama, all while teaching his children valuable life lessons along the way. Although this book has many anti-racial themes, the characters in the story have racial beliefs that over-power its anti-racial themes, downplaying the book’s value as a teaching school.
Throughout the book, readers learn that Atticus has to defend Tom Robinson, a black man accused of rape. Since Atticus’s morals cannot allow him to turn down this offer, readers realize
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Later in the book, another African American protagonist is revealed to be inferior to white folk. Calpurnia, a supporting character, is the Finch’s African American cook. "It's hard to say," she said. "Suppose you and Scout talked colored-folks' talk at home it'd be out of place, wouldn't it? Now what if I talked white-folks' talk at church, and with my neighbors? They'd think I was puttin' on airs to beat Moses." "But Cal, you know better," I said."(pg, 143) Calpurnia’s way of speech is far more advanced than the other African American folk in this book. Although Calpurnia’s way of speech is more advanced, she still changes her way of speaking when she’s talking to other people of the same skin color. This action symbolizes how African Americans see themselves as unintelligent, and therefore, are labeled as inferior to outsiders as well. Calpurnia is an intelligent person but because of her skin color, society can’t accept her intelligence and she has to live a “2 …show more content…
Although the characters play a big part in showing the racism of this book, their dialogue and actions also play a big part. ““They don’t belong anywhere, Colored folks won’ have ‘em because they’re half white; white folks won’t have ‘em ‘cause they’re colored, so they’re just in-betweens, don’t belong anywhere”” (Pg.183) ““That’s what I thought,” said Jem, “but around here once you have a drop of Negro blood, that makes you all black”” (pg,184) Jem demonstrates his belif that having even the littlest amount of african american blood will display you as an inferior indivual in society. Another action of racism that makes African Americans seem inferior was when Bob ewell wrongly accused Tom Robinson knowing the court would most likely choose his side as he is white. ““I don’t know, but they did. it. They’ve done it before and they did it tonight and they’ll do it again and when they do it--seems that only children weep””(Pg.243) This quote portrays the assumption that African Americans are responsible for all mistakes even without rationally reasoning the situation. Although the trial was well fought in the end, there was no justice found for Tom. Harper Lee wrote a book that didn’t really lead to anywhere with racism and just opened the mind on how darkening it us although we already knew that before reading this
As Scout does not know the concept of prejudice, she makes the comment against Walter without a second thought. However, Calpurnia’s furious lecture towards her treatment of Walter Cunningham helps Scout in realizing how she should treat everyone equally. Calpurnia also shows Scout the difference between the white and black community in Maycomb, specifically after Scout and Jem accompany Calpurnia at her church when she explains to them why she speaks differently in church than at home. “Suppose you and Scout talked colored-folks' talk at home it'd be out of place, wouldn't it” (139). Scout learns the big differences in the black community from the white community, and how the two are so different; they even change the personality of Calpurnia herself.
Calpurnia distinguishes when to pomp kindness and harshness to the children. She helps Atticus with disciplining the kids and helps around the house. Despite the Negro stereotype of being imbecilic, she portrays insight on how to live a double life as a civilized Negro. “It’s not necessary to tell all you know. It’s not ladylike-in the second place, folks don’t’ like to have somebody around knowin’ more than they do.
Jem’s adamant interest in Atticus’s affairs implies that he is beginning to replace his innocence with an understanding of the racial stereotypes surrounding Tom Robinson, and how his Atticus’s decision to defend Robinson in court puts himself in a position of political and physical danger, as social norms prohibit such.
Atticus is asked to defend an African American man named Tom Robinson who is accused of raping a white woman. While Atticus knows it’d be impossible to win he is willing to fight to the end knowing Tom is innocent. During all of this ordeal, Atticus is up against his white folks, who disguises him. Atticus is not the only one who is affected, but his kids too, “Which, gentlemen, we know is in itself a lie as black as Tom Robinson’s skin, a lie i do not have to point out to you. You know the truth, and the truth is this: some Negroes lie, some Negroes are immoral…
The main characters Atticus Finch, Tom Robinson, and Bob Ewell face moments that deal with racism all told from the perspective of a six year old girl, Scout. The intended purpose of expressing racial relations in Harper Lee’s “To Kill a Mockingbird,”
Atticus says, “I don’t see any harm in letting her go out there. Cal’d look after her there as well as she does here,” and then later says, “She’s a faithful member of this family…” (Lee 182). This shows that Atticus both respects and cares for Calpurnia, which is something that, at the time, would be seen as inconceivable. Black and white people are supposed to be separate, but Atticus has his white children being raised around a black woman.
The novel “To Kill A Mockingbird” by Harper Lee was published in 1960, and praised for its analysis of the close minded and hypocritical American southeast. The novel is written with whole cast of brand new stereotype breaking. Such as Mayella Ewell a nineteen year old, poor, white woman, who despite the stereotype that is still placed on women today, is portrayed as the sexual instigator in an assault situation. However, while many characters in the novel do break the stereotypes placed upon them, the novel upholds many as well. One of the characters in the novel based off of a stereotype is Calpurnia, the black maid hired by the Finch family.
The white community believes that Atticus should not be defending a black man, as it goes against their social norms and values. Bob Ewell thinks that Atticus is wrong when he threatens to kill him. According to Miss Stephanie Crawford’s account, “Atticus was leaving the post office when Mr. Ewell approached him, cursed him, spat on him, and threatened to kill him” (Lee 221). However, Atticus believes in justice and equality, regardless of race or social status. Through his defense of Tom Robinson, Atticus challenges the prevailing stereotypes and prejudices of his community and encourages his children to do the
Cal then tells Scout that she isn’t allowed to treat others like they are “lesser” than her. Calpurnia is mentoring Scout by teaching her a life lesson. Calpurnia’s past which involves lots of discrimination helps shape the way she mentors. Cal is black, and during the 1950’s it was the peak of the civil rights movement. The story also takes place in smalltown Alabama, which hosts lots of racism.
Title: The Enduring Relevance of Harper Lee's 'To Kill a Mockingbird' in Today's Society Introduction: Harper Lee's timeless novel 'To Kill a Mockingbird' has been hailed as a classic of American literature. While written in a different era, the novel's plot and characters continue to resonate and hold up to modern scrutiny. This essay argues for the enduring relevance of the novel's themes and characterizations in today's society, focusing on the exploration of racism, sexism, and social classes. Paragraph 1: The Enduring Impact of Racism 'To Kill a Mockingbird' remains a poignant portrayal of racism and its devastating effects. Lee's examination of racial inequality and prejudice serves as a powerful reminder that these issues persist in contemporary society.
Calpurnia is shouted at by Lula, a woman who is prejudiced against whites, for bringing two white kids, Jem and Scout, to church. Calpurnia teaches them the lesson of tolerance through this example by pointing out what Lula did incorrectly. Next, Calpurnia tells Jem and Scout that “There’s some folks who don’t eat like us” (32). This quote is referencing the way Walter poured syrup all over his meal. At first, Scout gets angry at Calpurnia because of what Walter did.
Calpurnia is the caregiver of the Finch family; she makes a strong effort to teach Scout her morals and values. For example, when Scout brings home Walter Cunningham for lunch and embarrasses him, Calpurnia angrily scolds her. Despite Walter not having table manners or being as well off, Calpurnia gladly displays hospitality to him while Scout humiliates him. As an African-American woman in a deeply segregated society, Calpurnia offers a unique perspective on people of different backgrounds; she shows Scout not to hold prejudice against people of poverty or people of color. During Tom Robinson’s case, we discover Scout not being ashamed of her father for being a “nigger-lover” (p.?), demonstrating her development as a person to believe that regardless of your skin color, you are still first and foremost a human
A critical event in the book is when Atticus accepts to defend Tom Robinson, a black man, who is accused of raping Mayella Ewell; however, he is disfavored against by the town due to his race. In the book, Atticus says, “...The only thing we’ve got is a black man’s word against the Ewells’. The evidence boils down to you did--I-didn’t. The jury couldn’t possibly be expected to take Tom Robinson’s word against the Ewells’...” (Lee 117).
This also shows that Calpurnia believes that even white people should be treated fairly which is what she adds to the story. She provides the viewpoint of what she and other black people think of white people. The novel To Kill A Mockingbird has many important characters. One of these characters happens to be Calpurnia.
In the novel, racism is most prevalent when Atticus takes up a case where a African-American man has been accused of raping a white girl, and Atticus is fighting for Tom Robinson who is the accused rapist. Tom Robinson, the kindly, meek and physically disabled black accused of the rape, is the target of innumerable racial taunts and is regularly referred to by angry white town folks as a “nigger.” Later, in scenes involving Tom Robinson and the angry white mobs that aim to lynch him that reveal