The Stages of Emphysema According to the World Health Organization (Who), “more than three million people died of [Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease]COPD in 2012, which is equal to 6% of all deaths globally that year.”[1] Emphysema is one of the common type of COPD, additionally, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,”number of adults who have ever been diagnosed with emphysema ]is about] 3.4 million.”[2] Emphysema develops slowly over the years, as a result, the doctors describe the progression of emphysema by using staging systems ,or the Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (Gold) which created by group called the Global Initiative. Most specialists recognize that emphysema has four stages of development. These is no test can give an accurate predict for what would happen during the stages to any individual patient who has emphysema. As a result, emphysema is different from one patient to another. This essay will identify the four stages of emphysema. …show more content…
According to the Wellness Consumer Health Information, “[These tests] known as Pulmonary Function Testing (PFTs), which show obstruction (Spriometry-FEV1/FVC ratio of less than 70 percent).”[3] In the first stage of emphysema, which known as mild emphysema. The forced expiratory volume, or FEV1, is more than 80% of the normal or equal. The patients who have this stage usually can control the symptoms easily and avoid it from progressing to other stagers. As a result, the patients can live as a normal
Although HB was normal, PaO2 was decreased (48 mmHg) and O2 saturation was decreased at 78%. PaCO2 was increased at 69 mmHg and bicarb was elevated at 34 mEq/ L. His NP concluded that Al had a combination of emphysema and bronchitis, called chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) which resulted from his long history of smoking. 1.
When Mike is experiencing an asthmatic attack, his forced vital capacity (FVC) is 65%, and his FEV1 is 65%. Are these values normal? Knowing how one performs FVC tests, explain these test results in Mike’s case. (Assume that Mike and the doctor have performed an accurate test.) - Forced vital capacity is used performed while an asthma attack is occurring because it is used to measure the maximum volume of air that can be forcefully pushed out from inflated lungs.
Spirometry is used periodically to assess whether breathing problems are under control and how well your medications are working. A nebulizer
These seventeen stages can be simplified to nine stages, which are birth, departure, crossing the threshold, special weapon, mentor/help, proving themselves, facing death/lowest
2. Explain the functions of the respiratory system. Cite the definitions and the differences between external and internal respiration. The respiratory system is responsible for bow we intake air into our bodies and out.
For example, “if I quit my nerves with become bad. “ Then there is the preparation stage, this is the stage you make devise a plan and stick to it; although you know there may be resistant ahead you are willing to push past it and continue as plan. The next stage is “Action” you are now able to use your coping skills to help you make intelligent choices to finish what you have started. The finally stage is the maintenance stage. This stage you are experience change and working hard not to have a setback.
Being diagnosed with COPD is devasting, but the disease does not have to ruin your life. There are several ways to manage the disease. Some treatments require medical treatment, and other treatments require medical intervention. In the early stages if COPD, quitting smoking can reduce the effects of COPD. In the later stages of the disease, many doctors recommend treating the disease with medications or surgery.
From these questions that were given out by Dr. Frander, many students should have a great understanding what to expect to the mid-term exam. Dr. Frander really encouraged us to study because most of these questions are difficult. For instance, she gave us an example in a patient who has COPD/ emphysema. What we have concluded from this question what they are looking for the emphysema patients don’t have a problem of taking air in rather they have a problem of taking the air out. The main problem of the emphysema, they have a lot of mucus, and the alveoli which where the gas exchange takes is impaired.
Background: Describe a nursing situation you encountered this week. Today we attended clinical for second time. Our main focus was patient with COPD or any gas exchange difficulty. We assessed the patients with gas exchange problems.
The description of these stages was a radical concept at the time, but has since become universally accepted. Not all terminally ill people experience all five stages reactions, but at least two are always present said Ross in her book and they do not occur in order. In general, these stages will mirror his or her style of
Stage one consist of mild symptoms that are not too serious or dangerous. It just involves shaking in the hands or other parts of the body. Stage two affects the whole body. This causes the individual to walk or stand on their own. Stage three consist of having someone with them just in case of an accident.
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: Philadelphia. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. (2004). chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults in primary and secondary care. NICE;
These five stages includes: 1- Oral stage - From Birth to 1 year 2- Anal stage - 1 year to 3 year 3- Phallic stage - 3 year to 6 year 4- Latency stage - 6 year to 12 year
Vital capacity (VC) this is what air is left in the lungs after a forced expiration. This leads into what forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)is, which is how much air an individual can breath out in one second out of four seconds. Four seconds in the about of time it should take a normal individual to release all of their breath. This is different for an individual with a disease such as asthma because it is an obstructive disease which causes an individual the have difficulties in breathing. During a flare up an individual has a longer forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1).